华西口腔医学杂志

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口腔扁平苔藓患者用药依从性及其影响因素研究

吕凌1(), 李晓英1, 王冏珂1, 肖宁1, 孙婉昕1, 张洪滔2, 胡明佳1, 李佳1, 何静3()   

  1. 1.口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室 国家口腔医学中心 口腔疾病国家临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医院口腔黏膜病科,成都 610041
    2.口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室 国家口腔医学中心 口腔疾病国家临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医学院口腔内科学系,成都 610041
    3.口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室 国家口腔医学中心 口腔疾病国家临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医院口腔种植科,成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-30
  • 通讯作者: 何静 E-mail:81149141@qq.com;409235062@qq.com
  • 作者简介:吕凌,主管护师,本科,E-mail:81149141@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    四川大学华西口腔医院探索与研发项目(LCYJ-HL-20-2302)

Medication adherence and its influencing factors in patients with oral lichen planus

Lü Ling1(), Li Xiaoying1, Wang Jiongke1, Xiao Ning1, Sun Wanxin1, Zhang Hongtao2, Hu Mingjia1, Li Jia1, He Jing3()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2025-10-30
  • Contact: He Jing E-mail:81149141@qq.com;409235062@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Research and Development Program, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University(LCYJ-HL-202302)

摘要:

目的 调查口腔扁平苔藓(OLP)患者用药依从性现状,并分析其影响因素,以期为制定改善OLP患者用药依从性的干预措施提供参考。 方法 采用横断面调查法,通过一般资料调查表、患者用药情况调查问卷和Morisky 用药依从性量表(MMAS),对2023年2月—2024年9月就诊于四川大学华西口腔医院口腔黏膜病科的OLP患者进行横断面调查。采用多元回归模型评估OLP患者的人口学、疾病状态、疾病认知、用药行为对用药依从性的影响。通过单因素分析纳入P<0.1的因子,然后通过多元回归模型分析校正交互作用及潜在的混杂影响。 结果 共纳入388名OLP患者,其MMAS平均得分为5.37分,中位数为5.75分(Q1,Q3:4.00,7.00),依从性低(MMAS<6分)202例(52.1%),依从性中(6≤MMAS<8)147例(37.9%),依从性高(MMAS=8)39例(10.1%)。通过单因素分析及多元回归模型校正后发现:文化程度、用药焦虑为独立负向因素;对滥用药物危害的认知、药物不良反应为独立正向因素。 结论 文化程度高、用药焦虑会降低OLP患者的用药依从性;而对滥用药物危害的认知充分、经历过药物不良反应,则会增强其用药依从性。在临床实践中,应实施差异化的患者教育,重视治疗过程中的心理干预,以针对性地改善用药依从性。

关键词: 口腔扁平苔藓, 用药依从性, 影响因素, 文化程度, 药物不良反应, 滥用药物危害, 长期用药, 焦虑

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current medication adherence status and analyze its influencing factors in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and thus provide a reference for developing interventions to improve medication adherence in this population. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients with OLP who attended the Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, between February 2023 and September 2024. Data were collected by using a general information questionnaire, a patient medication questionnaire, and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Univariate analysis was first performed, and variables with P<0.1 were included in a multiple linear regression model to adjust for interactions and potential confounding effects, assessing the effect of demographic characteristics, disease status, disease cognition, and medication behavior on medication adherence. Results A total of 388 patients with OLP were included. The mean MMAS-8 score was 5.37, with a median of 5.75 (Q₁, Q₃: 4.00, 7.00). Medication adherence was categorized as low (MMAS-8<6) in 202 patients (52.1%), medium (6≤MMAS-8<8) in 147 patients (37.9%), and high (MMAS-8 = 8) in 39 patients (10.1%). Univariate analysis and multiple regression model adjustment revealed that educational level and anxiety related to long-term medication were independent negative influen-cing factors for medication adherence. By contrast, awareness of the harm of drug abuse and the experience of adverse drug reactions were independent positive influencing factors. Conclusion Medication adherence among patients with OLP is generally suboptimal. A high educational level and medication-related anxiety are risk factors for low adherence, whereas sufficient awareness of the harm of drug abuse and the actual experience of adverse drug reactions are associa-ted with good adherence. This situation suggests that differentiated patient education and increased attention to psychological intervention during treatment are necessary in clinical practice to improve medication adherence in patients OLP specifically.

Key words: oral lichen planus, medication adherence, influencing factors, educational attainment, adverse drug reactions, harms of drug abuse, long-term medication use, anxiety

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