Abstract:

Objective  To compare the cytocompatibility of two kinds porous bioactive glass-ceramic made by same raw materials. Methods  Apatite/wollastonite bioactive glass-ceramic（4006） were prepared by sol-gel method, and bioactive glass（45S5） were prepared by melting method. Bone marrow stromal cells（BMSCs） were cultivated, differen-tiated and proliferated into osteoblasts, from a rabbit’s marrow in the differentiation culture medium with active func-tion. The viability of BMSCs cultivated with extraction of these two kinds of biomaterial, which could represent the cytotoxicity effect of 4006 and 45S5 against BMSCs, was evaluated by the MTT assay. BMSCs were seeded and co-cultivated with two kinds of biomaterial scaffolds respectively in vitro. The proliferation and biological properties of cells adhered to scaffolds were observed by inverted phase contrast microscope, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, and environmental scanning electron microscope（ESEM）, and a suitable cell amount for seeding on the scaffold was searched. Results  There was no difference on the viability of BMSCs only cultured for one day by complete extract of 4006 and culture medium（P>0.05）, but there was significant difference between them when the cells had been cultured for 3 days（P<0.01）. The extract of 45S5 had significantly higher cytotoxicity than extract of culture medium（P<0.01）. The BMSCs adhered, spread, and proliferated throughout the pores of the scaffold 4006, and the amount of cells adhered to 4006 was more than to 45S5. The adhered cells to 4006 increased with the rising amount of cells seeded. And 2×107 cells•mL-1 suspension resulted in the highest cell adherence during the comparative cell adherence test. Conclusion    Apatite/wollastonite bioactive glass-ceramic has good bioactivity and cytocompatibility. Therefore, it may have the potential to be a new cell vehicle for bone tissue engineering. And the suitable seeding cell amount of apatite/wollastonite bioactive glass-ceramic should be 2×107 cells•mL-1 or even more than that.

Key words: bone tissue engineering, scaffold, apatite/wollastonite bioactive glass-ceramic, sol-gel method, bone marrow stromal cells, cytocompatibility