江西成年人群下颌骨体副孔解剖位置的锥形束CT研究

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2017.06.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的应用锥形束CT（CBCT）观测江西成年人群下颌骨体副孔的分布位置,为临床安全操作提供依据。方法选取200份江西成年人的CBCT资料,按年龄分为4组,每组男女比例相等。描述下颌骨前牙、前磨牙和磨牙各区域的副孔数目和分布位置,分析年龄、性别和左右侧因素与副孔发生率的关系。结果发现下颌骨体副孔共1 123个,人均（5.62±2.10）个。副孔发生率自近中区域向远中降低,舌侧副孔发生率高于颊侧,男女性副孔数目无差异（P=0.195）,年龄与副孔数目呈负相关（r_s=-0.301）。下颌骨体三处副孔高频区域为:正中联合部（98.0%）,中、侧切牙牙槽突舌侧（88.0%）,前磨牙区的低位（55.0%）。结论下颌骨副孔每人均会出现,临床需留意避免损伤副孔内容物而引起并发症。

关键词: 下颌骨, 副孔, 锥形束CT, 下颌解剖

Abstract:

Objective This study used cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to access the distribution and position of accessory mandibular foramina in the mandibular body of Jiangxi adults, and some safety rules of operation for clinics were provided. Methods Two hundred CBCT image subjects of Jiangxi adults were selected, which were divided into 4 groups by age with the same sex ratio. The number and position of accessory mandibular foramina in mandibular anterior teeth, premolars and molars region were described and the relationship between accessory mandibular foramina incidence and factors of age, gender and lateral were analyzed. Results A total of 1 123 accessory mandibular foramina were found, with a mean of 5.62±2.10 per person. The accessory mandibular foramina incidence decreased from the mesial region to the distal, and the lingual was higher than the buccal. There was no significant difference in the number of accessory mandibular foramina in male and female (P=0.195). However, the number of accessory mandibular foramina was negatively correlated with age (r_s=-0.301). Three highest frequency regions of accessory mandibular foramina were mandibular symphysis area (98.0%), lingual alveolar area of lower medial (88.0%) and lateral incisors and inferior area of lingual premolar (55.0%). Conclusion Accessory mandi-bular foramina are widely presented in the body of everyone’s mandible, addition attention should be paid to avoid the compli-cations causing by the damage of canal contents in the clinics.

Key words: mandible, accessory mandibular foramen, cone beam computed tomography, mandibular anatomy

中图分类号:

柯星, 李博涵, 陈林林, 姜新娣. 江西成年人群下颌骨体副孔解剖位置的锥形束CT研究[J]. 华西口腔医学杂志, 2017, 35(6): 607-612.

Xing Ke, Bohan Li, Linlin Chen, Xindi Jiang. A cone beam computed tomography study on the anatomical position of accessory mandibular foramina in Jiangxi adults[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2017, 35(6): 607-612.

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副孔数目/个	受试者/n		合计	比例/%
副孔数目/个	男性	女性	合计	比例/%
1	2	1	3	1.5
2	2	4	6	3.0
3	9	9	18	9.0
4	20	18	38	19.0
5	17	23	40	20.0
6	12	20	32	16.0
7	13	13	26	13.0
8	10	8	18	9.0
9	10	3	13	6.5
10	1	0	1	0.5
11	2	1	3	1.5
12	2	0	2	1.0

区域		受试	发生	1副孔/区域	2副孔/区域	3副孔/区域	副孔总数/	H/mm	P值**
区域		者数	率/%	受试者数	受试者数	受试者数	区域	H/mm	P值**
左侧后牙区	颊侧	11	5.5	11	0	0	11	14.35±5.19	0.464
	舌侧	33	16.5	30	3	0	36	6.98±3.51	0.637
左侧前磨牙区	颊侧	22	11.0	21	1	0	23	14.27±4.09	0.303
	舌侧	81	40.5	70	11	0	92	3.99±4.96	0.328
左侧前牙区	颊侧	46	23.0	41	4	1	52	12.62±3.10	0.700
	舌侧	172	86.0	124	46	2	222	21.59±9.12	0.352***
正中联合部*		196	98.0	117	64	15	290	8.21±3.83	—
右侧前牙区	颊侧	47	23.5	41	5	1	54	12.35±4.13	—
	舌侧	170	85.0	132	35	3	211	22.36±8.09	—
右侧前磨牙区	颊侧	17	8.5	15	2	0	19	12.88±4.53	—
	舌侧	69	34.5	67	2	0	71	3.32±3.25	—
右侧后牙区	颊侧	11	5.5	10	1	0	12	16.23±6.74	—
	舌侧	24	12.0	18	6	0	30	7.40±3.59	—

部位		受试者数	发生率/%	副孔数目	H/mm	Φ/mm
正中联合部	舌侧颏棘上部	166	83.0	167	11.07±1.59	0.92±0.23
	舌侧颏棘下部	95	47.5	115	4.38±2.23	0.75±0.18
	唇侧	6	3.0	8	3.88±1.96	0.71±0.19
	合计*	196	98.0	290	8.21±3.83	0.85±0.22
中、侧切牙牙槽突舌侧	左侧	154	77.0	154	26.64±2.28	0.81±0.24
	右侧	151	75.5	151	26.26±2.34	0.82±0.22
	合计*	176	88.0	305	26.45±2.31	0.81±0.23
前磨牙区的低位	左侧	77	38.5	70	3.08±2.41	0.87±0.17
	右侧	68	34.0	88	3.01±1.84	0.89±0.20
	合计*	110	55.0	158	3.05±2.17	0.88±0.19