The role of uncoupling protein 2 in experimental periodontitis-associated renal injury in rats

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2024.2023378

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective This study aims to explore changes in uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in experimental periodontitis-associated renal injury induced by ligation and investigate the effect of UCP2 on renal injury induced by periodontitis. Methods Twelve Wistar male rats were randomly divided into two groups: control and periodontitis groups. A periodontal model was built by ligating the maxillary first molars area with 0.2 mm orthodontic ligature wire. After 8 weeks, the intraoral condition of the rats was observed and periodontal clinical indices such as gingival bleeding index (BI), periodontal probing depth (PD), and tooth mobility (TM) were detected. The maxillary bone was scanned by Micro CT to observe the alveolar bone resorption. The tissue mineral density (TMD), bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular bone separation (Tb.Sp) were recorded, and the distance from the enamel bone boundary to the alveolar crest (CEJ-ABC) of the maxillary first molar was measured. The oxidative stress indexes such as malondialdehyde, glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected using frozen rat kidney tissue. The gene expression of UCP2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) was observed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) test. The gingival tissue of the rats was used for immunohistochemical staining to observe the expression of the UCP2 protein. The fixed rat kidney tissue was used for hematoxylin-eosin (HE), periodic acid-schiff (PAS), MitoSOX Red, JC-1, and immunohistochemical staining to observe the renal histopathology, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the level of mitochondrial membrane potential, and the expression of UCP2, Nrf2, and PGC-1α protein. Rat serum was collected to detect renal function indices, namely, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cre), and albumin (Alb). Results Compared with the control group, the periodontitis group showed red, swollen, and soft gingival tissue, with gingival probing bleeding, periodontal PD increased, tooth loosening, alveolar bone resorption, decreased TMD, BMD, BV/TV, and Tb.Th indices, and increased Tb.Sp index, CEJ-ABC, and gingival UCP2 protein expression. Compared with the control group, the levels of MDA and ROS in the kidney tissue of periodontitis rats and the gene and protein expression of UCP2 increased, and the levels of MMP, GSH, and SOD and the gene and protein expression of Nrf2 and PGC-1α decreased. Renal functional indices, namely, BUN, Cre, and Alb, were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion UCP2 may play a role in renal injury induced by periodontitis through oxidative stress.

Key words: periodontitis, renal injury, uncoupling protein 2

CLC Number:

R781.4

Li Qiong, Ma Haonan, Shang Yaqi, Xin Xirui, Liu Xinchan, Wu Zhou, Yu Weixian. The role of uncoupling protein 2 in experimental periodontitis-associated renal injury in rats[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2024, 42(4): 502-511.

Figures/Tables 11

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References 26

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基因	引物序列（5’-3’）	碱基数/bp	基因号
UCP2	F：CAAGACCATTGCACGAGAGGA R：GAGGTTGGCTTTCAGGAGAGTAT	139	NM_019354.3
Nrf2	F：TTGGCAGAGACATTCCCATTTGTA R：GAGCTATCGAGTGACTGAGCCTG	116	NM_031789.3
PGC-1ɑ	F：GCACTGACAGATGGAGACGTGA R：TCATTGTAGCTGAGCTGAGTGTTGG	149	NM_031347.1
β-actin	F：GGAGATTACTGCCCTGGCTCCTA R：GACTCATCGTACTCCTGCTTGCTG	150	NM_031144.3

牙周临床指标	对照组	牙周炎组
PD/mm	0.21±0.06	2.43±0.29***
BI	0.00±0.00	2.33±0.76**
TM	0.00±0.00	1.17±0.29**

肾脏功能指标	对照组	牙周炎组
BUN/（mmol/L）	6.04±1.86	6.07±0.48
Cre/（μmol/L）	25.55±7.94	26.43±3.28
Alb/（g/L）	19.90±1.70	20.89±2.63

功能指标	对照组	牙周炎组
MDA/（nmol/mgprot）	3.17±0.23	4.62±0.12***
GSH/（μmol/gprot）	33.97±1.58	24.19±3.47*
SOD/（U/mgprot）	74.00±4.79	59.84±7.03*

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