Morphometric evaluation of sella turcica and cranial base in patients with congenital absence of teeth

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2022.05.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the size and shape of sella turcica and cranial base in patients with different degrees of congenital absence of teeth. Methods The subjects comprised 322 patients from the Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University from 2020 to 2021. Based on the number of congenital absence of teeth, the patients were divided into three groups: control group (without loss of teeth, n=112), group Ⅰ (loss of 1-2 teeth, n=104), and group Ⅱ (loss of 3 or more teeth, n=106). Uceph cephalometric software was used to measure the linear and angular parameters of cranial base. The length, depth, and diameter of sella turcica were also calculated. The shape of sella turcica was described as normal or with aberrations. Analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis H test, chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test were conducted with SPSS 21.0. Results No statistical differences were observed in the length, depth, and diameter of sella turcica and parameters related to the cranial base among the three groups (P>0.05). The incidence of sella turcica bridge among the three groups was statistically significant (P=0.013). The incidence was higher in the study group compared with the control group (P<0.05), and no significant difference was observed between groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P>0.05). Conclusion Although the linear size of sella turcica and parameters related to the cranial base was not statistically different between normal subjects and patients with congenital absence of teeth, the incidence of sella turcica bridge was higher in patients with congenital absence of teeth, suggesting the possibly abnormal anatomical morphology of sella turcica in this population.

Key words: congenital absence of teeth, sella turcica, cranial base, lateral cephalogram

CLC Number:

R 78

Li Yaqi, Wang Ziqian, Liu Jiaqi, Yan Zhebin, Xiao Chuqiao, Wang Jun, Xiong Xin.. Morphometric evaluation of sella turcica and cranial base in patients with congenital absence of teeth[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2022, 40(5): 582-588.

Figures/Tables 9

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组别	患者人数	年龄/岁	男性（n/%）	女性（n/%）
合计	322	15.46±4.66	159/49.4	163/50.6
对照组	112	15.19±4.49	51/45.5	61/54.5
试验Ⅰ组	104	15.79±4.93	51/49.0	53/51.0
试验Ⅱ组	106	15.42±4.59	57/53.8	49/46.2

标志点	定义
鼻根点（N）	鼻额缝的最前点
蝶鞍点（S）	蝶鞍影像的中心
颅底点（Ba）	枕骨大孔前缘的中点
关节点（Ar）	颅底下缘与下颌髁突颈后缘的交点
Sphenoidale点（Se）	蝶骨大翼和颅前窝的交点

项目	对照组		试验Ⅰ组		试验Ⅱ组		P值
项目	均值±标准差	最小值~最大值	均值±标准差	最小值~最大值	均值±标准差	最小值~最大值	P值
蝶鞍
长度/mm	8.58±1.42	5.83~12.19	8.78±1.44	5.55~13.47	8.84±1.49	4.58~12.93	0.379^a
深度/mm	7.03±1.10	3.36~10.00	7.01±1.13	4.44~9.83	6.88±1.10	4.51~9.80	0.553^a
直径/mm	11.02±1.26	8.26~13.81	10.98±1.23	7.40~14.65	10.85±1.42	8.20~15.65	0.615^a
前颅底
S-N/mm	62.92±4.08	46.35~73.69	63.23±3.72	55.64~74.28	63.12±3.96	50.95~73.59	0.922^b
S-Se/mm	24.46±2.41	18.79~29.65	24.91±2.45	20.27~32.15	24.68±2.59	19.72~30.88	0.416^a
∠N-S-Se/°	0.91±3.33	-9.95~9.09	0.78±3.82	-11.15~10.76	1.02±3.94	-10.06~10.07	0.898^a
后颅底
S-Ba/mm	45.99±3.69	37.31~53.14	45.47±3.55	39.30~54.11	45.65±3.37	36.63~54.91	0.543^a
S-Ar/mm	33.91±3.68	25.08~43.09	33.78±3.77	26.49~44.12	33.73±3.59	26.76~41.75	0.935^a
Se-Ar/mm	51.29±4.38	41.31~66.18	51.67±4.26	40.93~67.97	51.41±3.85	42.33~59.00	0.789^a
Se-Ba/mm	64.08±4.31	55.14~76.71	63.99±3.88	56.68~78.04	64.00±3.80	55.00~72.30	0.829^b
∠Se-S-Ba/°	128.40±5.15	115.12~140.58	128.77±6.79	113.19~153.91	128.74±5.65	115.43~146.29	0.864^b
∠Se-Ar-S/°	23.83±3.18	17.99~34.38	23.94±3.89	10.97~36.11	23.86±3.41	17.03~34.32	0.898^b
全颅底
N-Ba/mm	98.64±6.27	76.97~114.74	98.52±5.79	86.25~115.36	98.69±5.59	86.14~109.26	0.976^a
N-Ar/mm	86.22±6.21	67.73~104.16	86.58±5.94	74.57~103.32	86.48±5.67	74.48~99.06	0.899^a
∠N-S-Ba/°	129.31±4.17	119.81~140.04	129.55±5.49	118.09~149.68	129.76±4.46	118.10~140.65	0.783^a
∠N-S-Ar/°	123.12±4.52	112.76~136.17	123.66±5.61	111.46~145.92	123.73±4.49	112.15~134.67	0.466^b

组别	正常蝶鞍	前壁倾斜	鞍底双重轮廓	鞍桥	后部不规则	金字塔鞍背
对照组	63/56.3%^a	6/5.4%	5/4.5%	25/22.3%^c	9/8.0%	4/3.6%
试验Ⅰ组	39/37.5%^b	8/7.7%	5/4.8%	40/38.5%^d	5/4.8%	7/6.7%
试验Ⅱ组	42/39.6%^b	7/6.6%	4/3.8%	41/38.7%^d	7/6.6%	5/4.7%
χ²值	9.33	0.48	0.22	8.74	0.92	1.16
P值	0.009**	0.785	0.944	0.013*	0.630	0.560

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