Imaging analysis of 1 138 supernumerary teeth by using cone-beam computed tomography

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023110

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective This study aims to analyze and summarize the characteristics of supernumerary teeth by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods A total of 718 patients with 1 138 supernumerary teeth were retrospectively collected. Age, gender, number, location, morphology, eruption status, and accompanying symptoms of the supernumerary teeth were statistically analyzed. The relationship relative to jaws, gender, and eruption status were analyzed and discussed. Results The average age of the patients was 9.54±5.32 years, and the male to female ratio was 2.88∶1. About 77.02% of the patients sought medical advice during the mixed dentition period, and 50.70% had one supernumerary tooth. These supernumeraries were most commonly conical in shape, and 85.76% of them were in the incisor region, 92.09% in the upper jaw, 46.75% in inverted position, and 86.20% unerupted. Overall, 65.29% of them had fully developed roots, and 60.63% had an impact on adjacent structures. Significant differences were found in eruption status, morphology, zoning, direction, root development, and impact on adjacent structures between the supernumerary teeth located in the upper and lower jaws (P<0.05). Significant differences were also detected in gender, morphology, zoning, orientation, root development, and impact on adjacent structures between erupted and unerupted teeth (P<0.05). The incidence of supernumerary teeth in the incisor region was higher in males than that in females. Moreover, the root of supernumeraries was more completely developed in males than in females (P<0.05). Conclusion For supernumerary teeth, CBCT images can provide accurate three-dimensional radiographic data and are valuable for clinical diagnosis and treatment planning.

Key words: supernumerary teeth, cone-beam computed tomography, radiographic features, diagnosis, treatment

CLC Number:

Q 78

Liu Xiaolin, Ren Qun, Bai Jiuping, Kang Pei, Ren Guiyun, Li Xiangjun, Feng Xiaowei.. Imaging analysis of 1 138 supernumerary teeth by using cone-beam computed tomography[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2023, 41(6): 671-677.

Figures/Tables 6

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References 27

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项目		多生牙
年龄/岁	<6	4/0.56
	6~12	553/77.02
	13~18	127/17.69
	19~35	28/3.90
	36~60	6/0.84
性别	男	533/74.23
	女	185/25.77
颗数	1	364/50.70
	2	326/45.40
	≥3	28/3.90
上下颌	上颌	666/92.76
	下颌	40/5.57
	上下颌	12/1.67
分区	前牙区	651/90.67
	后牙区	67/9.33

项目		多生牙
性别	男	849/74.60
	女	289/25.40
分区	切牙区	976/85.76
	尖牙区	17/1.49
	前磨牙区	113/9.93
	磨牙区	32/2.81
上下颌	上颌	1 048/92.09
	下颌	90/7.91
萌出状态	萌出	157/13.80
萌出状态	未萌出	981/86.20
方向	正常	275/24.17
	倒置	532/46.75
	水平	180/15.82
	倾斜	151/13.27
形态	圆锥形	527/46.31
	结节形	444/39.02
	牙瘤形	36/3.16
	补充形	131/11.51
牙根发育情况	完全发育	743/65.29
	未发育	243/21.35
	发育1/3	41/3.60
	发育2/3	111/9.75
继发影响	影响邻近恒牙	447/39.28
	多生牙含牙囊肿	80/7.03
	侵入解剖结构	112/9.84
	同时产生上述影响	51/4.48
	无影响	448/39.37

项目		上颌（n=1 048）	下颌（n=90）	χ²值	P值
萌出状态	萌出	155/14.79	2/2.22	11.008	0.001
	未萌出	893/85.21	88/97.78	11.008	0.001
形态	圆锥形	524/50.0	3/3.33	304.134	0.000
	结节形	424/40.46	20/22.22
	牙瘤形	28/2.67	8/8.89
	补充形	72/6.87	59/65.56
分区	切牙区	976/93.13	0/0.0	415.430	0.000
	尖牙区	14/1.34	3/3.33
	前磨牙区	45/4.29	68/75.56
	磨牙区	13/1.24	19/21.11
方向	正常	217/20.71	58/64.44	133.022	0.000
	倒置	530/50.57	2/2.22
	水平	176/16.79	4/4.44
	倾斜	125/11.93	26/28.89
牙根发育情况	完全发育	741/70.71	2/2.22	297.812	0.000
	未发育	181/17.27	62/68.89
	发育1/3	18/1.72	23/25.56
	发育2/3	108/10.31	3/3.33
继发影响	影响邻近恒牙	419/39.98	28/31.11	16.188	0.003
	多生牙含牙囊肿	78/7.44	2/2.22
	侵入解剖结构	105/10.02	7/7.78
	同时产生上述影响	50/4.77	1/1.11
	无影响	396/37.79	52/57.78

项目		萌出状态		χ²值	P值
项目		萌出（n=157）	未萌出（n=981）	χ²值	P值
性别	男	99/63.06	750/76.45	12.318	0.000
	女	58/36.94	231/23.55	12.318	0.000
形态	圆锥形	96/61.15	431/43.93	16.921	0.001
	结节形	41/26.11	403/41.08
	牙瘤形	4/2.55	32/3.26
	补充形	16/10.19	115/11.72
分区	切牙区	152/96.82	824/84.0	21.736	0.000
	尖牙区	0/0.0	17/1.73
	前磨牙区	3/1.91	110/11.21
	磨牙区	2/1.27	30/3.06
方向	正常	138/87.90	137/13.97	407.525	0.000
	倒置	0/0.0	532/54.23
	水平	0/0.0	180/18.35
	倾斜	19/12.10	132/13.46
牙根发育情况	完全发育	126/80.25	617/62.90	97.365	0.000
	未发育	0/0.0	243/24.77
	发育1/3	0/0.0	41/4.18
	发育2/3	31/19.75	80/8.15
继发影响	影响邻近恒牙	90/57.32	357/36.39	74.377	0.000
	多生牙含牙囊肿	0/0.0	80/8.15
	侵入解剖结构	0/0.0	112/11.42
	同时产生上述影响	0/0.0	51/5.20
	无影响	67/42.68	381/38.84

项目		性别		χ²值	P值
项目		男性（n=849）	女性（n=289）	χ²值	P值
形态	圆锥形	388/45.70	139/48.10	1.389	0.710
	结节形	331/38.99	113/39.10
	牙瘤形	27/3.18	9/3.11
	补充形	103/12.13	28/9.69
分区	切牙区	755/88.93	221/76.47	27.913	0.000
	尖牙区	10/1.18	7/2.42
	前磨牙区	67/7.89	46/15.92
	磨牙区	17/2.0	15/5.19
方向	正常	213/25.09	62/21.45	1.589	0.650
	倒置	406/47.82	126/43.60
	水平	135/15.90	45/15.57
	倾斜	95/11.19	56/19.38
牙根发育情况	完全发育	591/69.61	152/52.60	31.514	0.000
	未发育	156/18.37	87/30.10
	发育1/3	32/3.77	9/3.11
	发育2/3	70/8.24	41/14.19