Risk factors of oral Helicobacter pylori infection among children in two kindergartens in Suzhou and the effects of oral cleaning on reducing oral Helicobacter pylori infection

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2019.01.014

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective This work aimed to identify the risk factors of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in preschool children and provide effective measures for the prevention and reduction of the incidence of H. pylori infections. Methods A total of 204 children from two kindergartens in Suzhou city were recruited through a questionnaire survey. Risk factors were selected through the single factor paired data χ ² test and multiple factor Logistic regression analysis. Oral and gastric H. pylori infections were detected by using H. pylori saliva detection (HPS) and ¹³C-urea breath test ( ¹³C-UBT). Special toothpaste for H. pylori control was selected for oral cleaning. Oral H. pylori infection rates at 2 months after special toothpaste treatment were examined by using HPS. Results The high-risk factors of H. pylori infections among preschool children included poor personal hygiene habits, such as the nibbling of fingers and the avoidance of hand-washing before meals, diet, and parent’s history of stomach disease. Among the 204 subjects enrolled in this study, 158 (77.45%), 37 (18.14%), and 28 (13.73%) were HPS positive, ¹³C-UBT positive, and HPS and ¹³C-UBT positive, respectively. The incidence of oral H. pylori infections was significantly higher than that of gastric H. pylori infections (P<0.01). The positive rate of infections significantly decreased after special toothpaste treatment (P<0.01). This result indicates that the intervention was effective. Conclusion Children must receive education on good eating habits. Individualized dining habits or the use of public chopsticks must be implemented. H. pylori infections must be detected as early as possible. Specific toothpaste for oral cleaning must be selected. These approaches could drastically prevent or reduce the incidence of H. pylori infections among preschool children.

Key words: Helicobacter pylori, preschool children, risk factors, oral health

CLC Number:

R 780.2

Yuee Xu,Shuxiang Li,Xin Gao,Xianping Wang. Risk factors of oral Helicobacter pylori infection among children in two kindergartens in Suzhou and the effects of oral cleaning on reducing oral Helicobacter pylori infection[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2019, 37(1): 70-75.

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References 28

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因素		分层	例数	HPS阳性	χ²值	P值
社会经济状况	家庭月收入/元	<3 000	7	4	1.71	0.191
		≥3 000	197	154
	家庭居住人数/人	3	44	25	13.67	<0.001
		≥4	160	133
	人均居住面积/m²	<40	107	83	0.001	0.966
		≥40	97	75
	父亲文化程度	本科及以上	107	82	0.40	0.819
		大专及高中	79	61
		初中及以下	18	15
	母亲文化程度	本科及以上	98	72	1.67	0.434
		大专及高中	85	67
		初中及以下	21	19
儿童个人卫生习惯	爱啃手指	有	126	119	54.49	<0.001
		无	78	39
	爱啃玩具	有	106	104	53.94	<0.001
		无	98	54
	饭前便后洗手	每次都洗	96	60	23.21	<0.001
		经常不洗	108	98
	共用照养人洗脸毛巾	从不	139	102	4.14	0.042
		有时或经常	65	56
	共用照养人喝水杯	从不	57	49	3.28	0.070
		有时或经常	147	109
	共用照养人漱口杯	从不	154	126	7.49	<0.01
		有时或经常	50	32
	经常外出就餐	经常	38	37	19.35	<0.001
		有但是不多	81	67
		从不	85	54
照养人带养和卫生习惯	咀嚼食物喂养	从不	117	80	12.94	<0.001
		有时	87	78
	使用自己筷子喂食	从不	92	56	26.38	<0.001
		有时	112	102
	进食中共用餐具	从不	98	68	7.02	<0.01
		有时	106	90
	亲吻幼儿	经常	135	130	81.16	<0.001
		从不	69	28
	饭前洗手	每次都洗	130	90	13.87	<0.001
		经常不洗	74	68
家庭成员胃病史	父亲胃病史	有	52	26	30.11	<0.001
		无	152	132
	母亲胃病史	有	46	44	11.27	<0.001
		无	158	114
	家庭其他成员胃病史	有	49	40	0.65	0.422
		无	155	118

因素	分层	β值	标准误	Wald值	P值	OR值	95%CI
照养人饭前洗手	每次都洗	-1.040	0.353	8.712	0.003	0.35	0.18~0.71
	经常不洗	0
儿童饭前便后洗手	每次都洗	-2.371	0.359	43.662	<0.001	0.09	0.05~0.19
	经常不洗	0
儿童爱啃手指	有	1.643	0.339	23.49	<0.001	5.17	2.66~10.04
	无	0
常量		1.932	1.047	3.407	0.065	6.90

组别	总例数	阳性	阴性	P值
干预组	87	60	27	P<0.01
对照组	71	71	0
合计	158	131	27