Prevalence and influencing factors of deciduous caries in preschool children in Chongqing city

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2019.01.016

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to determine the prevalence and related factors of deciduous caries in 3-5-year-old preschool children in Chongqing city. Results will be used to provide a basis for the establishment and adjustment of prevention and intervention of caries in preschool children. Methods We referred to the Fourth National Oral Health Epide-miological Survey. Data included caries prevalence in preschool children, and the questionnaires were distributed to children’ parents in Chongqing city. Results were inputted by Epidata 3.1 and statistically analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Results A total of 1 350 preschool children were included in the study. We found that maxillary deciduous central incisor and mandi-bular deciduous molars were susceptible to decay. The pre-valence of primary teeth caries in preschool children in Chong-qing city was 51.4% (694/1 350). The mean decayed-missing-filled-teeth (dmft) index was 2.34. The caries prevalence and mean dmft between age groups were statistically signi-ficant (P<0.01) and increased with age (P<0.05). However, except the 5-year-old group (P<0.05), no significant difference in caries prevalence rate and mean dmft was found between male and female children (P>0.05). Approximately 61.7% of caries cases were concentrated in a small number (36.1%) of individuals. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, highest educational level of parents, intake frequency of sweetened beverages and carbonated drinks, toothache or similar discomfort experience over the past year, dentist visits, and parents’ assessment of teeth and oral health status of children were the factors influencing the prevalence of deciduous caries (P<0.05). Conclusion More than half of the preschool children had dental caries. Majority of caries were concentrated in a small number of individuals. The age of children, highest educational level of parents, intake frequency of sweetened beverages and carbonated drinks, toothache or discomfort experience over the past year, dentist visits, and parents’ assessment of teeth and oral health status of children were associated with the prevalence of deciduous caries.

Key words: preschool children, dental caries, regression analysis

CLC Number:

R 781.1

Xiaoyan Wu,Jingxue Wang,Ting Cai,Yueheng Li,Zhi Zhou,Zhengyan. Yang. Prevalence and influencing factors of deciduous caries in preschool children in Chongqing city[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2019, 37(1): 81-86.

Figures/Tables 5

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References 19

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年龄/岁	性别	受检例数	患龋人数	患龋牙数	患龋率/%	龋均	龋补充填比/%
3	男	222	87	343	39.2	1.55	0.0
	女	218	88	299	40.4	1.37	0.3
	合计	440	175	642	39.8	1.46	0.2
4	男	223	106	423	47.5	1.90	0.7
	女	224	121	561	54.0	2.50	2.9
	合计	447	227	984	50.8	2.20	2.2
5	男	234	150	886	64.1	3.79	4.4
	女	229	142	652	62.0	2.85	2.2
	合计	463	292	1β538	63.1	3.32	3.5
合计	男	679	343	1β652	50.5	2.43	2.6
	女	671	351	1β512	52.3	2.25	2.1
	合计	1β350	694	3β164	51.4	2.34	2.3

变量	变量赋值	χ²值	P值
年龄		49.110	0.000
家长的最高学历	1=初中及以下,2=高中/中专,3=大专/本科及以上	10.713	0.005
家庭年收入	1=1~6万,2=7~12万,3=13万以上,4=不知道	6.214	0.102
出生后6个月内喂养方式	1=完全母乳,2=母乳为主,3=完全人工,4=人工为主,5=各半	8.999	0.061
甜饮料（包括碳酸饮料等）摄入频率	1=很少/从不,2=每周1次及以下,3=每周2~6次及以上	12.337	0.002
睡前甜点或甜饮料摄入	1=经常,2=偶尔,3=从不	17.146	0.000
开始刷牙年龄	1=偶尔刷或从不刷,2=0.5~1岁,3=2~3岁,4=4~5岁,5=不记得	13.782	0.008
刷牙是否用牙膏	1=是,2=否,3=不知道,4=偶尔刷或从不刷	13.071	0.004
过去1年是否有牙痛或不适	1=从来没有,2=有时候有,3=经常有,4=不清楚	81.702	0.000
是否看过牙	1=看过,2=从来没有	35.720	0.000
牙齿和口腔健康状况自评	1=很好,2=较好,3=一般,4=较差,5=很差	141.327	0.000
乳牙坏了不用治	1=正确,2=不正确,3=不知道	7.091	0.029

自变量	系数值	标准误	卡方值	自由度	P值	OR值	95%可信区间
自变量	系数值	标准误	卡方值	自由度	P值	OR值	下限	上限
年龄	0.403	0.073	30.519	1	0.000	1.496	1.297	1.726
家长的最高学历	-0.191	0.075	6.583	1	0.010	0.826	0.714	0.956
甜饮料（包括碳酸饮料等）摄入频率	0.181	0.079	5.324	1	0.021	1.199	1.028	1.398
过去1年是否有牙痛或不适	0.213	0.077	7.662	1	0.006	1.238	1.064	1.440
是否看过牙	-0.475	0.156	9.233	1	0.002	0.622	0.458	0.845
牙齿和口腔健康状况自评	0.650	0.074	77.162	1	0.000	1.915	1.657	2.214
常量	-2.372	0.547	18.804	1	0.000	0.093