新型亲水抗菌硅橡胶口腔印模材料的制备及性能研究

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2022.05.006

华西口腔医学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 541-548.doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2022.05.006

新型亲水抗菌硅橡胶口腔印模材料的制备及性能研究

张雪娇¹(), 李健新², 蒋凤¹, 周传健², 吴峻岭¹()

^1.山东大学齐鲁医学院口腔医学院口腔修复学教研所，山东省口腔组织再生重点实验室，山东省口腔生物材料与组织再生工程实验室，济南 250012
^2.山东大学材料科学与工程学院高分子材料研究所，济南 250061

收稿日期:2021-10-20 修回日期:2022-07-06 出版日期:2022-10-01 发布日期:2022-10-17
通讯作者: 吴峻岭 E-mail:zxj_0807@163.com;doctorwujunling@163.com
作者简介:张雪娇，硕士，E-mail：zxj_0807@163.com

Development of novel hydrophilic and antibacterial silicone rubber impression material for dental application

Zhang Xuejiao¹(), Li Jianxin², Jiang Feng¹, Zhou Chuanjian², Wu Junling¹()

^1.Dept. of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250012, China
^2.Research Institute of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China

Received:2021-10-20 Revised:2022-07-06 Online:2022-10-01 Published:2022-10-17
Contact: Wu Junling E-mail:zxj_0807@163.com;doctorwujunling@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的合成兼具亲水及抗菌性的新型硅橡胶口腔印模材料，并探讨相关性能，为其在牙科领域中的进一步应用奠定基础。方法在前期预实验的基础上确定了新型硅橡胶的基本配方，并以6%聚醚改性硅油作为润湿剂赋予其良好的亲水性。将自行合成的碘代长链烷基季铵盐修饰的纳米抗菌SiO₂无机填料，按0%、1%、2%、3%、4%及5%的比例添加至亲水硅橡胶印模材料中，以期赋予其抗菌性，并以商品化的硅橡胶产品作为对照。测量各组硅橡胶材料的力学性能、润湿性、细节再现性、尺寸稳定性及调和时间；同时通过薄膜密着法与CCK-8法检测硅橡胶材料的抗菌性与细胞毒性；扫描电镜（SEM）观察新型硅橡胶的微观形貌。结果当抗菌填料含量超过4%时，新型硅橡胶力学性能明显下降（P<0.05）；与对照组相比，不同组别在不同时间节点接触角、细节再现性完好且线性尺寸变化率无显著变化（P>0.05）；抗菌填料的加入不会对调和时间产生影响（P>0.05）。当加入4%抗菌填料时，抗菌率可达95.26%，展现出良好的抗菌性；所有组别细胞毒性反应差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），说明硅橡胶材料无明显细胞毒性。硅橡胶试样断面SEM观察显示填料与硅橡胶基体的相容性良好，在基体内部分布均匀。结论含6%聚醚改性硅油的亲水性硅橡胶中加入4%的抗菌无机填料可以获得兼具亲水与抗菌性能的新型硅橡胶口腔印模材料，这为进一步临床应用提供了实验依据。

关键词: 硅橡胶, 印模材料, 亲水性, 抗菌性, 无机填料

Abstract:

Objective This investigation aimed to develop a novel hydrophilic and antibacterial silicone rubber impression material for dental application. Methods The basic formula of the new silicone rubber was determined on a preliminary study, and 6% polyether modified silicone oil was added as wetting agent to provide the hydrophilicity. No-vel nano-antibacterial inorganic fillers containing quaternary ammonium salt with long chain alkyl were incorporated into the hydrophilic silicone rubber impression materials at a mass fraction of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, or 5%. A commercial silicone rubber impression material was used as control. The mechanical properties, wettability, detail reproducibility, dimensional stability, and mixing time of silicone rubber materials were measured. Thin-film adhesion method and cell counting kit-8 method were used to detect the antibacterial property and cytotoxicity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was chosen to observe the micromorphology of the novel silicone rubber. Results When the content of antibacterial filler exceeded 4%, the mechanical properties of the new silicone rubber decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with those of the control group, the contact angle and linear size change rate of different groups had no significant change at different time nodes, and the detail reproducibility was intact (P>0.05). The addition of antibacterial fillers had no significant effect on the mixing time (P>0.05). Adding 4% antibacterial fillers could result in the antibacterial rate of 95.26%, showing good antibacterial properties. No significant difference was found in the cytotoxicity of all groups (P>0.05). The SEM pictures of the cross section of the silicone rubber sample showed that the fillers had good compatibility with the silicone rubber matrix and distributed in the matrix evenly. Conclusion A novel silicone rubber impression material containing 6% polyether modified silicone oil could obtain promising hydrophilic and antibacterial properties after being added with 4% antibacterial inorganic fillers.

Key words: silicone rubber, impression materials, hydrophilicity, antibacterial property, inorganic fillers

中图分类号:

R 783.1

张雪娇, 李健新, 蒋凤, 周传健, 吴峻岭. 新型亲水抗菌硅橡胶口腔印模材料的制备及性能研究[J]. 华西口腔医学杂志, 2022, 40(5): 541-548.

Zhang Xuejiao, Li Jianxin, Jiang Feng, Zhou Chuanjian, Wu Junling. Development of novel hydrophilic and antibacterial silicone rubber impression material for dental application[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2022, 40(5): 541-548.

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成分	规格	份数（PHR）
乙烯基硅油	黏度5 000 mPa·s	100
含氢硅油	含氢量0.8%	6
气相白炭黑（H2000）	比表面积200 m²·g^-1，粒径12 nm	25
高岭土	1 250目	45
乙烯基MQ硅树脂	M∶Q=0.8∶1	10
铂催化剂	2.5×10^-4	4
1-乙炔基-1-环己醇	浓度2‰	0.5~1
颜料	食品级	0.3

组别	菌落数目/个	抗菌率/%
对照组	286.76±8.51^a	0
抗菌填料质量分数/% 0	274.50±9.22^a	0
1	173.17±7.49^b	36.92
2	116.17±4.26^c	57.68
3	48.83±1.77^d	82.21
4	13.00±0.82^e	95.26
5	4.67±0.47^e	98.30
H值	19.51	—
P值	<0.01	—

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新型亲水抗菌硅橡胶口腔印模材料的制备及性能研究

Development of novel hydrophilic and antibacterial silicone rubber impression material for dental application

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