Status and strategies of oral health service demand and medical treatment utilization among 3- to 5-year-old preschool children in Jiangxi province

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2018.06.013

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to investigate the oral health service needs and dental treatment among 3-year-old to 5-year-old preschool children in Jiangxi province and provide data to support the development of relevant oral health policies, enhance the oral health service utilization and visit rate, and optimize oral manpower and service resources.Methods A total of 2 880 preschool children were selected via stratified cluster sampling. Dental examination methods and criteria according to the fourth national oral health epidemiological survey were adopted. Excel 2007 and SPSS 19.0 softwares were used for statistics analysis. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed.Results The caries prevalence was 49.13% (1 415/2 880) among the 2 880 cases of 3-year-old to 5-year-old preschool children in Jiangxi province, approximately 53.37% (1 537/2 880) of which possessed oral health service needs. The parents of younger children assessed the oral situation better in older age than in their younger years (P<0.05), which was better in urban children than in rural children (P<0.05). The visiting rate of all the respon-dents was 12.33% (355/2 880), while the visiting rate of children with oral diseases was 17.31% (266/1 537). The top three reasons why patients did not visit the dentist were as follows: children’s teeth have no problem, the teeth damage in teeth was considerably minimal, and primary teeth would be replaced without the need for treatment. The influencing factors included lower visiting rate in females than in males (OR=0.499, 95%CI: 0.411-0.606) and lower visiting rates in rural areas than in urban areas (OR=0.428, 95%CI: 0.353-0.519). Subjects with poor oral health and high oral knowledge scores possessed high dental service visit rates.Conclusion The prevalence of caries in 3-year-old to 5-year-old preschool children in Jiangxi province is at a lower level than that in the national level. The proportion of the population actively seeking medical services is low, and their main purpose of treatment is to treat rather than prevention. Oral health education should be strengthened, and it should be incorporated to the contents of the kindergarten teacher training program to improve residents’ awareness regarding children’s oral health.

Key words: children, oral diseases, health service demand, seek medical advice

CLC Number:

R780.1

Xiaoyan Ou,Yixuan Zeng,Jianqiong Wen,Yin Zhou,Liwei Zeng. Status and strategies of oral health service demand and medical treatment utilization among 3- to 5-year-old preschool children in Jiangxi province[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2018, 36(6): 650-655.

Figures/Tables 6

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References 16

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项目	变量	调查人数		患龋情况				口腔疾病
项目	变量	n	%	n	%	χ²值	P值	n	%	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 488	51.67	727	48.86	0.093	0.395	794	53.36	0.000	0.511
	女	1 392	48.33	688	49.43			743	53.38
年龄/岁	3	952	33.06	355	37.29	97.132	0.000	386	40.55	116.365	0.000
	4	978	33.96	492	50.31			532	54.40
	5	950	32.99	568	59.79			619	65.16
城乡	城市	1 428	49.58	605	42.37	51.866	0.000	686	48.04	32.319	0.000
	农村	1 452	50.42	810	55.79			851	58.61
合计		2 880	100.00	1 415	49.13			1 537	53.37

项目	变量	较好及以上/%	一般/%	较差及以下/%	χ²值	P值
性别	男	59.21	33.47	7.33	3.156	0.206
	女	62.43	30.96	6.61
年龄/岁	3	62.92	32.04	5.04	10.367	0.035
	4	61.04	31.08	7.87
	5	58.32	33.68	8.00
城乡	城市	63.24	31.72	5.04	18.327	0.000
	农村	58.33	32.78	8.89

项目	变量	调查对象就诊情况				口腔疾病患者就诊情况
项目	变量	n	%	χ²值	P值	n	%	χ²值	P值
性别	男	189	12.70	0.401	0.282	146	18.39	1.342	0.138
	女	166	11.93			120	16.16
年龄/岁	3	86	9.03	22.300	0.000	54	13.99	8.082	0.018
	4	116	11.86			85	15.98
	5	153	16.11			127	20.52
城乡	城市	183	12.82	0.626	0.231	125	18.22	0.725	0.216
	农村	172	11.85			141	16.57
合计		355	12.33			266	17.31

编号	题目	认同率或正确率	龋病患者认同		口腔疾病患者认		无口腔疾病者认
			率或正确率		同率或正确率		同率或正确率
			就诊	未就诊	就诊	未就诊	就诊	未就诊
A	态度相关
A1	口腔健康对自己的生活很重要	97.43	98.77	97.35	98.87	97.48	98.88	96.97
A2	定期口腔检查是十分必要的	81.18	88.52	78.82*	88.35	79.86*	91.01	80.30*
A3	牙齿的好坏不是天生的,与自己保护有关	74.51	81.56	70.71*	81.95	71.52*	87.64	75.04*
A4	预防牙病首先靠自己	91.04	95.08	90.26*	95.11	90.32*	97.75	90.43*
A5	保护孩子的六龄牙很重要	80.76	87.70	78.48*	87.59	79.07*	91.01	80.30*
A6	母亲牙齿不好会影响孩子的牙齿	25.90	31.56	24.59*	32.71	25.41*	28.09	24.80
K	知识相关
K1	刷牙时牙龈出血是正常的	69.76	79.92	64.90*	80.08	65.15*	82.02	71.37*
K2	细菌可以引起牙龈发炎	83.96	87.30	82.75*	86.84	83.24	91.01	83.57*
K3	刷牙对预防牙龈出血没有用	55.31	60.66	52.60*	60.53	53.34*	65.17	55.50*
K4	细菌可以引起龋齿	75.83	81.97	73.61*	82.33	74.04*	74.16	76.40
K5	吃糖可以导致龋齿	84.24	90.16	83.69*	90.23	83.87*	89.89	82.93
K6	乳牙坏了不用治疗	59.93	65.98	55.00*	66.92	55.70*	78.65	61.40*
K7	窝沟封闭能预防儿童龋齿	13.89	20.49	12.21*	19.92	13.14*	23.60	12.68*
K8	氟化物对保护牙齿没有用	23.06	29.51	19.73*	30.08	21.01*	32.58	22.97*

对象分类	就诊经历	态度得分	知识得分
龋病患者	就诊	80.53±16.77	64.50±22.32
	未就诊	73.37±19.30	55.56±22.18
	合计	74.61±19.08	57.10±22.46
	Z值*	-5.959	-5.682
	P值	0.000	0.000
口腔疾病患者	就诊	80.76±16.59	64.61±22.19
	未就诊	73.94±19.26	56.19±22.32
	合计	75.12±19.00	57.64±22.52
	Z值*	-5.919	-5.652
	P值	0.000	0.000
所有调查对象	就诊	81.17±15.90	65.25±21.70
	未就诊	74.29±19.19	57.26±22.64
	合计	75.14±18.95	58.25±22.67
	Z值*	-7.079	-6.321
	P值	0.000	0.000