小年龄唇腭裂住院患儿术前发生呼吸道感染的高危因素分析与预防策略

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2019.03.012

华西口腔医学杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 290-294.doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.03.012

小年龄唇腭裂住院患儿术前发生呼吸道感染的高危因素分析与预防策略

陈丽先,张晓雪,龚彩霞()

口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心四川大学华西口腔医院唇腭裂外科,成都 610041

收稿日期:2018-04-07 修回日期:2019-03-18 出版日期:2019-06-01 发布日期:2019-06-12
通讯作者: 龚彩霞 E-mail:gongcaixia01@163.com
作者简介:陈丽先,护师,学士,E-mail:chenlixian0@163.com
基金资助:
卫生部口腔颌面外科国家临床重点建设专科基金(2011)

The risk factors and preventive measures of hospital infections on preoperative children with cleft lips and palates

Lixian Chen,Xiaoxue Zhang,Caixia Gong()

State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Cleft Lip and Plate Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China

Received:2018-04-07 Revised:2019-03-18 Online:2019-06-01 Published:2019-06-12
Contact: Caixia Gong E-mail:gongcaixia01@163.com
Supported by:
The National Key Clinical Specialist Construction Programs of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery(2011)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的分析唇腭裂住院患儿术前发生呼吸道感染的危险因素,探讨预防呼吸道感染的措施,提高唇腭裂住院患儿的治疗质量。方法选取2017年6—12月四川大学华西口腔医院唇腭裂外科收治的年龄≤3岁的先天性唇腭裂住院患儿510例。其中,入院后术前发生医院感染的呼吸道感染患儿50例,为观察组;入院后术前未发生呼吸道感染的460例患儿,为对照组;采用t检验及多因素logistic分析,分析唇腭裂住院患儿发生呼吸道感染的相关危险因素,探讨预防控制唇腭裂患儿入院后术前发生呼吸道感染的对策及措施。结果 2组患儿在喂养方式、住院期间陪伴人员有无感染以及夜间有无开窗通风方面有差异,其中喂养方式及住院期间陪伴人员有无感染是年龄≤3岁的唇腭裂住院患儿入院后术前发生呼吸道感染的独立风险因素。结论年龄≤3岁唇腭裂住院患儿术前发生呼吸道感染的危险因素包括喂养方式、住院期间陪伴人员有感染以及夜间未开窗通风,尤其前两者是重要的影响因素。医护人员应加强相应的健康教育与护理措施进行控制。

关键词: 唇腭裂, 术前, 呼吸道感染, 危险因素

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the risk factors of preoperative upper respiratory infections in children with cleft lips and palate (CLP) and investigate preventive measures to reduce infections and improve the quality of treatments. Methods A total of 510 children with CLP of ages 3 years old or younger were selected from hospital cases from June to December 2017. The test group comprised 50 children with upper respiratory infections, whereas the control group comprised 460 children without upper respiratory infections. A t-test and a multivariate logistic analysis were utilized to analyze the risk factors and to investigate the preventive measures. Results Feeding patterns, the presence of infected companions during hospitalization, and ventilation at night were statistically significant. The feeding patterns and the presence of infected companions during hospitalization were independent risk factors for upper respiratory infections in children with CLP. Conclusion Bottle feeding, infected companions during hospitalization, and the absence of window ventilation at night are risk factors for preoperative upper respiratory infections in children 3 years old or younger with CLP. Among the risk factors identified, feeding patterns and the presence of infected companion during hospitalization were the most influential. Medical staff members should strengthen corresponding health education and nursing measures to control the risk factors.

Key words: cleft lip and palate, preoperative, respiratory infection, risk factor

中图分类号:

R473.78

陈丽先,张晓雪,龚彩霞. 小年龄唇腭裂住院患儿术前发生呼吸道感染的高危因素分析与预防策略[J]. 华西口腔医学杂志, 2019, 37(3): 290-294.

Lixian Chen,Xiaoxue Zhang,Caixia Gong. The risk factors and preventive measures of hospital infections on preoperative children with cleft lips and palates[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2019, 37(3): 290-294.

图/表 2

参考文献 18

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组别	n	喂养方式				陪伴人	夜间通风	日常生活环境		住院房间	住院房间	抚养人		就医旅途
组别	n	母乳	人工	混合	普食	员感冒	夜间通风	城镇	农村	温度/℃	总人数	父母	祖辈	时间/h
研究组	50	20	19	7	4	31	29	22	28	23.5±0.5	10.9±0.6	36	14	7.4±1.5
对照组	460	209	98	99	54	167	398	271	189	24.5±0.2	9.6±0.5	362	98	7.5±1.2
P值		0.00				0.00	0.01	0.55		0.06	0.1	0.2		0.9

相关因素	系数值	标准误	卡方值	P值	OR值
喂养方式（母乳喂养）	2.321	0.233	46.52	0.03	4.63
陪伴人员呼吸道感染	1.23	0.36	15.33	0.02	1.73
夜间未开窗通风	1.03	0.32	18.26	0.53	1.28

小年龄唇腭裂住院患儿术前发生呼吸道感染的高危因素分析与预防策略

The risk factors and preventive measures of hospital infections on preoperative children with cleft lips and palates

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