恒牙先天缺失患者蝶鞍和颅底的头影测量研究

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2022.05.012

华西口腔医学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 582-588.doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2022.05.012

恒牙先天缺失患者蝶鞍和颅底的头影测量研究

李亚其(), 王梓千, 刘家琦, 颜哲彬, 肖楚翘, 王军, 熊鑫()

口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心四川大学华西口腔医院正畸科，成都 610041

收稿日期:2022-02-15 修回日期:2022-07-13 出版日期:2022-10-01 发布日期:2022-10-17
通讯作者: 熊鑫 E-mail:liyaqi@stu.scu.edu.cn;drxiongxin@scu.edu.cn
作者简介:李亚其，学士，E-mail：liyaqi@stu.scu.edu.cn
基金资助:
四川省大学生创新创业训练计划(S202210610543)

Morphometric evaluation of sella turcica and cranial base in patients with congenital absence of teeth

Li Yaqi(), Wang Ziqian, Liu Jiaqi, Yan Zhebin, Xiao Chuqiao, Wang Jun, Xiong Xin.()

State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Si-chuan University, Chengdu 610041, China

Received:2022-02-15 Revised:2022-07-13 Online:2022-10-01 Published:2022-10-17
Contact: Xiong Xin. E-mail:liyaqi@stu.scu.edu.cn;drxiongxin@scu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Sichuan Province College Students’ Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan Program(S202210610543);Correspondence: Xiong Xin, E-mail: drxiongxin@scu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究不同程度恒牙先天缺失患者蝶鞍与颅底的大小及形态差异。方法选取2020—2021年就诊于四川大学华西口腔医院正畸科的322例患者为研究对象，依据先天缺牙数目将患者分为3组：对照组（无恒牙先天缺失，112例）；试验Ⅰ组（先天缺失1~2颗恒牙，104例）；试验Ⅱ组（先天缺失3颗及以上恒牙，106例）。使用Uceph头影测量软件对每位患者头颅侧位片的蝶鞍的长度、深度和直径以及颅底相关线性和角度参数进行测量。对每位患者的蝶鞍形态进行判定。采用SPSS 21.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果 3组的蝶鞍长度、深度、直径以及颅底相关的线性和角度参数差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。3组的鞍桥发生率的差异有统计学意义（P=0.013），试验组高于对照组（P<0.05），试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论虽然蝶鞍的线性大小及颅底特征在正常人和先天缺牙患者中未见明显差异，但在先天缺牙患者中鞍桥发生率更高，提示该人群的蝶鞍解剖学形态可能异常。

关键词: 恒牙先天缺失, 蝶鞍, 颅底, 头颅侧位片

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the size and shape of sella turcica and cranial base in patients with different degrees of congenital absence of teeth. Methods The subjects comprised 322 patients from the Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University from 2020 to 2021. Based on the number of congenital absence of teeth, the patients were divided into three groups: control group (without loss of teeth, n=112), group Ⅰ (loss of 1-2 teeth, n=104), and group Ⅱ (loss of 3 or more teeth, n=106). Uceph cephalometric software was used to measure the linear and angular parameters of cranial base. The length, depth, and diameter of sella turcica were also calculated. The shape of sella turcica was described as normal or with aberrations. Analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis H test, chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test were conducted with SPSS 21.0. Results No statistical differences were observed in the length, depth, and diameter of sella turcica and parameters related to the cranial base among the three groups (P>0.05). The incidence of sella turcica bridge among the three groups was statistically significant (P=0.013). The incidence was higher in the study group compared with the control group (P<0.05), and no significant difference was observed between groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P>0.05). Conclusion Although the linear size of sella turcica and parameters related to the cranial base was not statistically different between normal subjects and patients with congenital absence of teeth, the incidence of sella turcica bridge was higher in patients with congenital absence of teeth, suggesting the possibly abnormal anatomical morphology of sella turcica in this population.

Key words: congenital absence of teeth, sella turcica, cranial base, lateral cephalogram

中图分类号:

R 78

李亚其, 王梓千, 刘家琦, 颜哲彬, 肖楚翘, 王军, 熊鑫. 恒牙先天缺失患者蝶鞍和颅底的头影测量研究[J]. 华西口腔医学杂志, 2022, 40(5): 582-588.

Li Yaqi, Wang Ziqian, Liu Jiaqi, Yan Zhebin, Xiao Chuqiao, Wang Jun, Xiong Xin.. Morphometric evaluation of sella turcica and cranial base in patients with congenital absence of teeth[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2022, 40(5): 582-588.

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参考文献 28

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组别	患者人数	年龄/岁	男性（n/%）	女性（n/%）
合计	322	15.46±4.66	159/49.4	163/50.6
对照组	112	15.19±4.49	51/45.5	61/54.5
试验Ⅰ组	104	15.79±4.93	51/49.0	53/51.0
试验Ⅱ组	106	15.42±4.59	57/53.8	49/46.2

标志点	定义
鼻根点（N）	鼻额缝的最前点
蝶鞍点（S）	蝶鞍影像的中心
颅底点（Ba）	枕骨大孔前缘的中点
关节点（Ar）	颅底下缘与下颌髁突颈后缘的交点
Sphenoidale点（Se）	蝶骨大翼和颅前窝的交点

项目	对照组		试验Ⅰ组		试验Ⅱ组		P值
项目	均值±标准差	最小值~最大值	均值±标准差	最小值~最大值	均值±标准差	最小值~最大值	P值
蝶鞍
长度/mm	8.58±1.42	5.83~12.19	8.78±1.44	5.55~13.47	8.84±1.49	4.58~12.93	0.379^a
深度/mm	7.03±1.10	3.36~10.00	7.01±1.13	4.44~9.83	6.88±1.10	4.51~9.80	0.553^a
直径/mm	11.02±1.26	8.26~13.81	10.98±1.23	7.40~14.65	10.85±1.42	8.20~15.65	0.615^a
前颅底
S-N/mm	62.92±4.08	46.35~73.69	63.23±3.72	55.64~74.28	63.12±3.96	50.95~73.59	0.922^b
S-Se/mm	24.46±2.41	18.79~29.65	24.91±2.45	20.27~32.15	24.68±2.59	19.72~30.88	0.416^a
∠N-S-Se/°	0.91±3.33	-9.95~9.09	0.78±3.82	-11.15~10.76	1.02±3.94	-10.06~10.07	0.898^a
后颅底
S-Ba/mm	45.99±3.69	37.31~53.14	45.47±3.55	39.30~54.11	45.65±3.37	36.63~54.91	0.543^a
S-Ar/mm	33.91±3.68	25.08~43.09	33.78±3.77	26.49~44.12	33.73±3.59	26.76~41.75	0.935^a
Se-Ar/mm	51.29±4.38	41.31~66.18	51.67±4.26	40.93~67.97	51.41±3.85	42.33~59.00	0.789^a
Se-Ba/mm	64.08±4.31	55.14~76.71	63.99±3.88	56.68~78.04	64.00±3.80	55.00~72.30	0.829^b
∠Se-S-Ba/°	128.40±5.15	115.12~140.58	128.77±6.79	113.19~153.91	128.74±5.65	115.43~146.29	0.864^b
∠Se-Ar-S/°	23.83±3.18	17.99~34.38	23.94±3.89	10.97~36.11	23.86±3.41	17.03~34.32	0.898^b
全颅底
N-Ba/mm	98.64±6.27	76.97~114.74	98.52±5.79	86.25~115.36	98.69±5.59	86.14~109.26	0.976^a
N-Ar/mm	86.22±6.21	67.73~104.16	86.58±5.94	74.57~103.32	86.48±5.67	74.48~99.06	0.899^a
∠N-S-Ba/°	129.31±4.17	119.81~140.04	129.55±5.49	118.09~149.68	129.76±4.46	118.10~140.65	0.783^a
∠N-S-Ar/°	123.12±4.52	112.76~136.17	123.66±5.61	111.46~145.92	123.73±4.49	112.15~134.67	0.466^b

组别	正常蝶鞍	前壁倾斜	鞍底双重轮廓	鞍桥	后部不规则	金字塔鞍背
对照组	63/56.3%^a	6/5.4%	5/4.5%	25/22.3%^c	9/8.0%	4/3.6%
试验Ⅰ组	39/37.5%^b	8/7.7%	5/4.8%	40/38.5%^d	5/4.8%	7/6.7%
试验Ⅱ组	42/39.6%^b	7/6.6%	4/3.8%	41/38.7%^d	7/6.6%	5/4.7%
χ²值	9.33	0.48	0.22	8.74	0.92	1.16
P值	0.009**	0.785	0.944	0.013*	0.630	0.560

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恒牙先天缺失患者蝶鞍和颅底的头影测量研究

Morphometric evaluation of sella turcica and cranial base in patients with congenital absence of teeth

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