身体意象在青少年正畸治疗中的作用

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2017.05.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨青少年正畸患者的心理因素、身体意象和整体自尊在正畸治疗过程中的作用以及对正畸疗效和满意度的影响。方法研究共纳入528名患者,历时18~24个月的正畸治疗前后采用正畸治疗需要指数的美学成分量表（IOTN-AC）、罗森伯格自尊量表（SES)、负面身体自我量表-整体分量表（NPS-G）等分析量表研究身体意象在青少年正畸治疗中的作用。结果患者牙齿的美学评价在矫正后得到显著提高,患者IOTN-AC自我评价与医生评价的差异、牙齿美学的心理影响问卷-牙齿自信心、美学关注、心理影响及社会功能均得到明显改善;牙齿美学成分的改善（T2时IOTN-AC的医生评价）与患者的疗效评价存在显著正相关,与患者基线时的消极情绪呈显著负相关。结论消极身体意象-牙齿不满意-认知成分和情感成分、整体的消极身体意象以及消极情绪能够显著预测治疗后患者对疗效的满意度;正畸治疗不仅能提高青少年患者自我美学评价,对青少年患者的心理健康也有积极影响。

关键词: 身体意象, 正畸治疗, 青少年

Abstract:

Objective This study was designed to probe the psychological factors adolescent orthodontic patients, the role of body image and self-esteem in the whole process of orthodontic treatment and the impact on the efficacy and satisfaction of orthodontic. Methods Five hundred and twenty-eight patients were selected in this study. The Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-AC) , Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Negative Physical Self-General (NPS-G) and other body analysis scale study after orthodontic lasted 18-24 months were used to investigate the role of body image in adolescent orthodontic treatment. Results Esthetic evaluation of patients teeth after correction had been significantly improved, patient self-evaluation difference IOTN-AC doctor evaluation, Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Question-naire-tooth confidence, aesthetic concerns, psychological impact and social function were significantly improved. The improve-ment of the dental aesthetics component (T2 when doctors evaluate IOTN-AC) was positively correlated with the evaluation of the efficacy, and was significantly negatively correlated with the negative emotions of patients at baseline. Conclusion Negative body image-dental dissatisfied-cognitive component and the affective component, the overall negative body image and negative emotions can predict patient satisfaction with treatment efficacy. Orthodontic treatment not only improves the self-aesthetic evaluation of adolescent patients, but also has a positive effect on the mental health of adolescent patients.

Key words: body image, orthodontic treatment, adolescent

中图分类号:

R783.5

彭明慧, 亢静, 邓潇. 身体意象在青少年正畸治疗中的作用[J]. 华西口腔医学杂志, 2017, 35(5): 489-493.

Minghui Peng, Jing Kang, Xiao Deng. Effect of body image in adolescent orthodontic treatment[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2017, 35(5): 489-493.

图/表 2

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变量		T1	T2	F值	P值
患者牙齿美学的客观评价	IOTN-AC-医生评价	5.14±1.80	1.37±0.89	914.48	<0.001
消极身体意象-牙齿不满意	认知成分	0.40±2.41	0.29±1.08	9.64	<0.001
	情感成分	1.66±0.82	1.07±0.74	32.69	<0.001
	PIDAQ-牙齿自信心	1.68±0.81	1.12±0.68	15.92	<0.001
	PIDAQ-心理影响	1.60±0.75	1.07±0.86	21.57	<0.001
	PIDAQ-美学关注	1.70±0.83	1.03±0.72	36.53	<0.001
	社会功能成分	1.50±0.69	1.10±0.87	23.96	<0.001
NPS-G		1.73±1.13	1.70±1.25	0.92	NS
SES		2.24±0.45	2.17±0.63	1.47	NS
PANAS	积极情绪	25.0±5.38	25.95±6.03	1.09	NS
	消极情绪	22.9±4.58	23.36±5.03	1.54	NS
治疗满意度		—	6.16±1.98	—	—

变量		β	R²	P值
第一层	T2时IOTN-AC-医生评价	0.21	0.04	<0.01
第二层	T1牙齿不满意-认知成分	-0.09	0.01	<0.01
	T1牙齿不满意-情感成分	-0.07	0.005	<0.05
	T1 SES	0.03	0.001	NS
	T1 NPS-G	-0.13	0.02	<0.01
	T1 消极情绪	-0.07	0.005	<0.05