Comparative study on the treatment of molar-incisor hypomineralization

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2025.2025123

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different treatment methods on local plaque lesions of incisors and the sealing of pits and fissures in first permanent molars in patients with mild molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH). Methods Patients clinically diagnosed with mild MIH were selected as research subjects for a prospective clinical comparative study on the treatment of local plaque lesions in incisors and the pits and fissures of first permanent molars. Infiltrative resin and fluoride varnish were used to treat local plaque lesions on incisors. The area of local plaque lesions on incisors and lightness (L), red-green hue (a), and yellow-blue hue (b) of the lesion area were measured before treatment and at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. The color difference value (ΔE) and tooth whiteness index (WI_D) were then calculated. Two methods, phosphoric acid etching pit and fissure sealing and self-etching pit and fissure sealing, were used for the treatment of pits and fissures of first permanent molars. The incidence rate of caries, sealant retention rate, and success rate of pit and fissure sealing for the two methods were calculated at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Results In patients with mild MIH, local plaque lesions on incisors exhibited a significant reduction in area at 1, 3, and 6 months post-treatment in the infiltrative resin group (P<0.05), whereas no significant change was observed in the fluoride application group (P>0.05). After infiltrative resin treatment, the L value and ΔE value showed a decreasing trend (P<0.05), whereas the L value in the fluoride application group did not change significantly (P>0.05). In patients with first permanent molars, the phosphoric acid etching pit and fissure sealing group exhibited superior success and retention rates at 6 months post-treatment compared with the self-etching pit and fissure sealing group (P<0.05) and a lower loss rate than the self-etching pit and fissure sealing group (P<0.05). Conclusion Infiltrative resin treatment can reduce the L value and ΔE value of local plaque lesions on incisors in patients with mild MIH. It demonstrates a significant improvement in plaque lesion area, with relatively stable effects within 6 months. Phosphoric acid etching is recommended for the pit and fissure sealing of first permanent molars in patients with mild MIH.

Key words: molar-incisor hypomineralisation, local plaque lesions of incisors, infiltrative resin, first permanent molar, pit and fissure sealant

CLC Number:

R781.05

Shan Xiaoxia, Yang Qiaoyun, Yang Xinghua, Yang Yuxin, Ma Ya’nan, Zhao Ziang, Li Ruimin. Comparative study on the treatment of molar-incisor hypomineralization[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2026, 44(1): 137-143.

Figures/Tables 6

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References 28

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时间	渗透树脂	涂氟	P值
P值	<0.001	0.644
术前	0.10（0.07，0.13）	0.11（0.08，0.14）	0.169
术后1月	0.05（0.03，0.07）	0.10（0.08，0.14）	<0.001
术后3月	0.03（0.02，0.05）	0.10（0.08，0.13）	<0.001
术后6月	0.03（0.02，0.04）	0.10（0.08，0.13）	<0.001

治疗方法	参数	术前	术后1月	术后3月	术后6月	P值
渗透树脂	L	77.98±0.45	69.98±1.12	69.76±1.15	69.84±1.19	<0.001
	a	1.80±0.30	0.96±0.20	1.07±0.15	0.81±0.20	-
	b	25.32±0.92	22.93±0.87	23.60±0.93	23.16±0.83	-
	ΔE	7.15（6.27，10.65）	3.99（2.37，8.35）	4.50（2.91，8.88）	4.07（2.24，9.17）	0.001
	WI_D	8.93（2.68，14.67）	8.13（2.46，14.50）	6.96（4.16，11.84）	8.85（2.63，14.47）	0.926
涂氟	L	76.37±0.88	72.34±1.25	73.11±1.30	73.68±1.37	0.105
	a	2.38±0.17	2.34±0.16	2.30±0.15	2.30±0.15	-
	b	24.26±0.72	23.95±0.62	23.80±0.47	23.80±0.46	-
	ΔE	6.54（3.94，9.95）	4.19（2.79，6.82）	4.73（2.88，7.64）	4.43（2.40，8.41）	0.001
	WI_D	6.81±1.12	5.18±1.22	5.84±1.07	6.12±1.09	0.782

时间	P值（渗透树脂-涂氟）
时间	L	ΔE	WI_D
术前	0.103	0.141	0.393
术后1月	0.163	0.766	0.119
术后3月	0.057	0.443	0.270
术后6月	0.037	0.795	0.203

治疗方法	项目	术后1月	术后3月	术后6月
磷酸酸蚀窝沟封闭	患龋	0/0	0/0	4/10.81
	封闭剂完好	36/97.30	33/89.19	33/89.19
	封闭剂部分保留	1/2.70	2/5.40	1/2.70
	封闭剂保留	37/100	35/94.59	34/91.89
	封闭剂脱落	0/0	2/5.40	3/8.11
	窝沟封闭成功	36/97.30	33/89.19	29/78.38
免酸蚀窝沟封闭	患龋	0/0	1/3.23	2/6.45
	封闭剂完好	25/80.65	22/70.97	12/38.1*
	封闭剂部分保留	0/0	0/0	0/0
	封闭剂保留	25/80.65*	22/70.97*	12/38.1*
	封闭剂脱落	6/19.35*	9/29.03*	19/61.29*
	窝沟封闭成功	25/80.65	21/67.74*	10/32.26*