The color stability, water sorption, and solubility of ten composite resins

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2023.01.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective This study aims to evaluate the color stability and related properties including water sorption and solubility of ten light-cured composite resins in different solutions. Methods A total of 10 composite resins were BeautifilⅡ(B2) and Ceram. X One Universal (CXU), Charisma (CS), Charisma Diamond (CD), Denfil (DF), DX. Universal (DXU), Filtek Z250 (Z250), Filtek Z350 XT (Z350), FS-1 (FS), and Magnafill Putty (MP). Meanwhile, a total of 20 disk-shaped samples were fabricated and randomly divided into four groups (n=5), which were immersed in distilled water (control group), curry, coffee, and red wine for 28 days. The color (CIE L∗a∗b∗) was measured by a spectrophotometer at baseline and 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after immersion, and the color differences were calculated. Water sorption and solubility values were measured ba-sed on ISO 4049: 2019. In addition, three-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the influence of resin materials, solutions, and immersion time on discoloration results, meanwhile, one-way ANOVA was used to compare the water sorption values and solubility values of different materials. Results All samples showed a certain degree of color change with time. Color differences were significantly influenced by materials, solutions, and immersion time (P<0.001). The color changes of the measured materials at any time point: curry>red wine>coffee>distilled water. Thus, all materials showed clinically unacceptable discoloration (ΔE>3.3) after immersing in staining curry, coffee, and red wine for 7 days. Therefore, when immersed in curry for 28 days, CS and DXU had the smallest and the largest color difference. In addition, when immersed in coffee for 28 days, FS showed the smallest color change and DXU showed the largest. Moreover, when immersed in red wine for 28 days, FS showed the smallest color change and Z350 showed the largest. Furthermore, MP and CXU had small color differences in all solutions. Meanwhile, Z350 had the highest water sorption and MP had the lowest. The solubility values of CS and CD were significantly higher than those of other materials. Conclusion The color stability of light-cured composite resin is materials-depended and affected by pigment types and immersion time. Thus, MP and CXU have better color stability. MP has low water sorption.

Key words: composite resin, color stability, water sorption, solubility

CLC Number:

R 783.1

Luo Wenji, Huang Wenkai, Xu Minghua, Ren Ling, Cheng Yuyao, Zhan Desong, Fu Jiale. The color stability, water sorption, and solubility of ten composite resins[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2023, 41(1): 58-66.

Figures/Tables 10

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References 23

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名称（缩写）	树脂单体	无机填料及尺寸	填料载量	厂商（批号）
Beautifil Ⅱ （B2）	Bis-GMA，TEGDMA	碳氟化铝硅酸盐玻璃，氧化铝，二氧化硅，微粒子硅酸（0.01~4 μm）	83.3 wt%/68.6 vol%	Shofu公司，日本（072083）
Ceram. X One Universal （CXU）	Bis-EMA，TEGDMA，甲基丙烯酸酯改性的聚硅氧烷，聚氨酯甲基丙烯酸酯	纳米填料（10 nm），有机改性的纳米陶瓷颗粒（2~3 nm），钡玻璃（1~1.5 μm），氟化镱	77~79 wt%/59~61 vol%	Densply公司，德国（2103001285）
Charisma （CS）	Bis-GMA，TEGDMA	钡铝玻璃（0.02~2 μm），二氧化硅（0.02~0.07 μm）	78 wt%/58 vol%	Heracus Kulzer公司，德国（71206）
Charisma Diamond （CD）	TCD-DI-HEA，UDMA， Bis-GMA，TEGDMA	钡铝氟化玻璃，二氧化硅（5 nm~20 μm）	81 wt%/64 vol%	Heracus Kulzer公司，德国（K010054）
Denfil （DF）	Bis-GMA，TEGDMA	铝矽酸钡（≤1 μm），锻制二氧化硅	80 wt%	Vericom公司，韩国（DF1376A1）
DX. Universal （DXU）	THFA，Bis-GMA，UDMA	含锶玻璃，硅填料（0.03~5 μm）	71 vol%	吉林省登泰克牙科材料有限公司（BJBJAE）
Filtek Z250 （Z250）	Bis-GMA，UDMA，Bis-EMA	氧化锆/硅填料（无硅偶联剂处理）（0.01~3.5 μm）	82 wt%/60 vol%	3M EPSE公司，美国（NA53941）
Filtek Z350 XT （Z350）	Bis-GMA，UDMA，TEGDMA，Bis-EMA	硅填料（20 nm），氧化锆填料（4~11 nm），硅/氧化锆填料（0.6~10 μm）	78.5 wt%/63.3 vol%	3M EPSE公司，美国（NA53296）
FS-1 （FS）	UDMA，TEGDMA	玻璃粉（≤3 μm）	71~75 wt%	上海二医张江生物材料有限公司（-）
Magnafill Putty （MP）	Bis-MEPP，UDMA	含钡玻璃	76~84 wt%/50~56 vol%	GC公司，日本（2108231）

源	Ⅲ类平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
材料类型	29 497.026	9	3 277.447	5 373.548	<0.001
染液类型	1 199 711.820	3	399 903.939	655 663.673	<0.001
染色时间	22 530.994	4	5 632.748	9 235.189	<0.001
染色时间×材料类型	1 619.344	36	44.982	73.750	<0.001
染色时间×染液类型	6 705.029	12	558.752	916.104	<0.001
材料类型×染液类型	25 183.241	27	932.713	1 529.232	<0.001
染色时间×树脂材料×染液类型	2 353.824	108	21.795	35.734	<0.001

材料	咖喱
材料	ΔE₁	ΔE₂	ΔE₃	ΔE₄	ΔE₅
B2	48.37±1.77^a	52.71±1.36^b	53.46±1.53^b	55.29±1.07^c	56.08±1.41^c
CXU	42.43±0.84^a	49.93±0.59^b	51.16±1.47^b	54.36±0.65^c	55.86±0.58^d
CS	45.44±2.60^a	48.92±0.72^b	50.46±0.85^c	53.77±0.63^d	53.99±0.70^d
CD	50.05±1.73^a	52.91±0.55^b	55.16±1.57^c	57.75±0.93^d	58.10±0.77^d
DF	49.03±0.89^a	54.93±0.34^b	55.44±1.07^b	58.41±0.55^c	59.09±0.68^d
DXU	48.55±1.14^a	60.14±0.62^b	61.84±1.34^c	65.09±0.67^d	65.18±0.72^d
Z250	48.63±0.78^a	51.69±2.44^b	53.43±1.97^b	56.66±2.57^c	57.29±2.33^c
Z350	51.40±0.72^a	56.79±2.39^b	57.60±2.55^b	61.08±3.21^c	61.61±3.04^c
FS	52.67±0.73^a	55.56±0.97^b	57.53±0.81^c	59.18±0.98^d	60.46±0.96^e
MP	44.64±0.94^a	49.20±0.88^b	52.88±1.09^c	56.82±0.96^d	57.13±1.21^d

材料	咖啡
材料	ΔE₁	ΔE₂	ΔE₃	ΔE₄	ΔE₅
B2	10.65±1.32^a	14.8±1.56^b	15.49±1.27^b	18.69±1.26^c	20.13±1.17^d
CXU	4.06±0.65^a	9.19±0.68^b	9.33±0.62^b	11.91±0.54^c	11.80±0.60^c
CS	6.47±1.37^a	11.41±0.71^b	12.26±0.85^c	15.85±0.82^d	15.09±0.54^e
CD	6.62±0.82^a	13.49±0.75^b	13.44±0.84^b	15.78±0.88^c	16.82±0.85^d
DF	5.34±0.76^a	9.15±1.02^b	11.01±0.84^c	12.01±1.25^d	12.64±1.33^d
DXU	11.96±1.55^a	18.81±1.45^b	20.39±1.09^c	23.04±1.32^d	24.79±1.11^e
Z250	6.05±1.22^a	12.09±0.42^b	12.49±0.46^c	14.63±0.51^d	15.45±0.77^e
Z350	10.95±0.57^a	16.21±1.37^b	17.47±1.01^c	21.02±0.97^d	21.03±1.00^d
FS	1.57±0.39^a	3.79±0.40^b	4.68±0.55^c	6.01±0.43^d	6.06±0.75^d
MP	4.30±0.40^a	8.13±0.63^b	8.62±0.62^b	11.21±0.72^c	12.64±0.94^d

材料	红酒
材料	ΔE₁	ΔE₂	ΔE₃	ΔE₄	ΔE₅
B2	13.88±1.45^a	19.69±1.16^b	21.88±0.95^c	25.69±1.29^d	26.51±0.74^d
CXU	6.13±0.62^a	10.39±0.37^b	11.08±0.78^c	13.68±0.66^d	13.45±0.52^d
CS	13.51±0.77^a	16.35±1.10^b	16.69±0.90^b	19.32±0.93^c	19.74±0.77^c
CD	11.48±0.90^a	18.02±0.49^b	17.74±0.74^b	20.09±0.64^c	19.96±0.66^c
DF	9.57±0.69^a	15.17±0.48^b	15.71±0.56^c	19.09±0.55^d	18.98±0.47^d
DXU	16.61±0.97^a	28.35±0.98^b	31.33±0.72^c	35.39±1.08^d	36.10±1.33^d
Z250	8.55±1.03^a	15.35±1.18^b	16.97±0.59^c	21.02±0.69^d	21.62±0.93^d
Z350	17.26±0.87^a	26.75±1.02^b	29.74±1.13^c	35.67±1.07^d	37.57±1.06^e
FS	4.52±0.59^a	7.46±1.10^b	8.36±0.89^c	11.05±0.80^d	10.58±0.80^d
MP	5.47±0.48^a	9.02±0.40^b	11.39±0.76^c	13.58±0.43^d	15.55±0.36^e