Investigation of oral health knowledge and attitudes towards oral health education among elementary school teachers in Zunyi

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2023.01.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to investigate the oral health knowledge of elementary school teachers and assess their attitude towards oral health education in Zunyi. Methods A total of 636 teachers from 10 primary schools in Zunyi were selected by stratified sampling, and their general information, oral health care habits, results of oral health knowledge questionnaire, and attitude towards oral health and oral health education were investigated. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Results A total of 614 teachers answered the questionnaires. Only 8.8% brush their teeth for more than three minutes, 23.8% brush their teeth horizontally, 64.7% do not performteeth cleaning, and 78.2% do not use floss. Teachers have a weak understanding that six-year teeth are permanent, that pit and fissure sealing could prevent dental caries, and that dental floss could remove dental plaque. However, their attitude towards oral health and oral health education was found to be good. Conclusion Schools could improve teachers’ oral health know-ledge by organizing training and other activities. Teachers could also play an active role in leading and cultivating school-age children to establish good oral habits.

Key words: elementary school teacher, oral health knowledge, oral health education, attitude

CLC Number:

R 780.1

Gu Zhiyu, Sun Xueqin, Chen Yijie, Zhang Yang, Jiang Xiaoxiao, Liu Yunkun, Li Yang. Investigation of oral health knowledge and attitudes towards oral health education among elementary school teachers in Zunyi[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2023, 41(1): 52-57.

Figures/Tables 4

Tab 1

Tab 2

Tab 3

Tab 4

References 22

1	汤英娜, 王忠华, 盛美春. 学龄儿童龋齿患病情况及儿童口腔保健行为对患龋率的影响[J]. 中国妇幼保健, 2022, 37(17): 3240-3243.
	Tang YN, Wang ZH, Sheng MC. The prevalence of dental caries in school-age children and the influence of children’s oral health care behavior on caries prevalence[J]. Matern Child Health Care China, 2022, 37(17): 3240-3243.
2	李燕, 王芸芸, 林妍华. 学龄儿童龋病预防及健康教育[J]. 甘肃科技, 2019, 35(20): 133-135.
	Li Y, Wang YY, Lin YH. Caries prevention and health education for school-age children[J]. Gansu Sci Tech, 2019, 35(20): 133-135.
3	周学东, 程磊, 郑黎薇. 全生命周期的龋病管理[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2018, 53(6): 367-373.
	Zhou XD, Cheng L, Zheng LW. Strategies of caries ma-nagement in whole life cycle[J]. Chin J Stomatol, 2018, 53(6): 367-373.
4	Adanero A, Baquero L, Berasategui M, et al. Oral health status of 6- to 12-year-old children in Madrid, Spain: a cross-sectional study[J]. Heliyon, 2022, 8(6): e09557.
5	Shaheen R, AlShulayyil M, Baseer MA, et al. Self-reported basic oral health knowledge of primary school students and teachers in Rural areas of Saudi Arabia[J]. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent, 2021, 13: 521-529.
6	李娜, 戴泰鸣, 杨威, 等. 贵阳市7~9岁儿童口腔健康状况及影响因素分析[J]. 中国初级卫生保健, 2022, 36(1): 100-103.
	Li N, Dai TM, Yang W, et al. Analysis of oral health status influencing factors of children aged 7-9 years in Guiyang[J]. Chin Prim Health Care, 2022, 36(1): 100-103.
7	Ehizele A, Chiwuzie J, Ofili A. Oral health knowledge, attitude and practices among Nigerian primary school teachers[J]. Int J Dent Hyg, 2011, 9(4): 254-260.
8	王兴, 冯希平, 李志新. 第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查报告[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2018.
	Wang X, Feng XP, Li ZX. The Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiclogical Survey[M]. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2018.
9	陆英, 刘丽, 金友良, 等. 绍兴市中小学教师口腔健康知识及行为调查报告[J]. 口腔医学, 2008, 28(9): 487-488.
	Lu Y, Liu L, Jin YL, et al. Survey on dental knowledge and behavior of teachers in Shaoxing city[J]. Stomatology, 2008, 28(9): 487-488.
10	Alshemari MA, Alkandari SA. Oral health knowledge and attitudes towards oral health education among elementary school teachers in Kuwait[J]. Oral Health Prev Dent, 2021, 19(1): 595-602.
11	林超, 张心怡, 田洪雨, 等. 潍坊市7~8岁儿童口腔卫生服务利用影响因素研究[J]. 华西口腔医学杂志, 2022, 40(2): 197-203.
	Lin C, Zhang XY, Tian HY, et al. Study on the utilization factors of oral health services of children aged 7-8 years in Weifang[J]. West China J Stomatol, 2022, 40(2): 197-203.
12	Heaton B, Crawford A, Garcia RI, et al. Oral health beliefs, knowledge, and behaviors in Northern California American Indian and Alaska Native mothers regarding early childhood caries[J]. J Public Health Dent, 2017, 77(4): 350-359.
13	刘晓琳, 赵正言. 幼儿及其教师的口腔保健知识与行为的问卷调查[J]. 中国妇幼保健, 2016, 31(11): 2372-2374.
	Liu XL, Zhao ZY. A questionnaire survey on oral health knowledge and behavior of children and their teachers[J]. Matern Child Health Care China, 2016, 31(11): 2372-2374.
14	丁良, 董宁, 李芝香, 等. 西安市幼儿教师口腔健康知识、态度、行为调查研究[J]. 中国健康教育, 2020, 36(3): 266-269.
	Ding L, Dong N, Li ZX, et al. Xi’an preschool teachers’ oral health knowledge,attitude and behavior questionnaire[J]. Chin J Health Educ, 2020, 36(3): 266-269.
15	史雅书, 赵志清. 阳泉市矿区中小学教师口腔健康行为及就诊行为调查分析[J]. 基层医学论坛, 2015, 19(11): 1523-1524.
	Shi YS, Zhao ZQ. Survey and analysis of oral health behavior and medical treatment behavior of primary and secondary school teachers in Yangquan mining area[J]. Med Forum, 2015, 19(11): 1523-1524.
16	Mota A, Oswal KC, Sajnani DA, et al. Oral health knowledge, attitude, and approaches of pre-primary and primary school teachers in Mumbai, India[J]. Scientifica (Cairo), 2016, 2016: 5967427.
17	Ahmad MS. Oral health knowledge and attitude among primary school teachers of madinah, saudi arabia[J]. J Contemp Dent Pract, 2015, 16(4):275-279.
18	Yılmaz G, Riad A, Krsek M, et al. Oral health-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of elementary school teachers[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18(11): 6028.
19	Inglehart MR, Zuzo GA, Wilson JJ. Kindergarten/elementary school teachers and web-based oral health-related resources: an exploration[J]. Oral Health Prev Dent, 2017, 15(3): 229-236.
20	Gowdar IM, Aldamigh SA, Wabran MS, et al. Knowledge and attitude of male schoolteachers towards primary dental care[J]. J Family Med Prim Care, 2020, 9(3): 1594-1598.
21	杨虹. 健康教育对学龄儿童口腔保健的影响分析[J]. 全科口腔医学杂志, 2019, 6(3): 12-13.
	Yang H. Analysis of the effect of health education on oral health care of school-age children[J]. Gen J Stomatol, 2019, 6(3): 12-13.
22	Akera P, Kennedy SE, Lingam R, et al. Effectiveness of primary school-based interventions in improving oral health of children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. BMC Oral Health, 2022, 22(1): 264.

条目		人数	比例/%
年龄/岁		38.03±8.63	-
性别	男	258	42.0
	女	356	58.0
婚姻状况	已婚	526	85.7
	未婚	88	14.3
是否为父母	是	508	82.7
	否	106	17.3
学历	本科及以上	449	73.1
	大中专	144	23.5
	初中/高中	11	1.8
	其他	10	1.6
教龄	5年及以内	129	21.0
	6~9年	107	17.4
	10年及以上	378	61.6
学校是否举办过口腔宣教讲座	是	261	42.5
	否	353	57.5
举办口腔宣教活动的频率	每月1次	64	10.4
	半学年1次	110	17.9
	一学年1次	440	71.7

条目		人数	比例/%
对自己口腔健康状况的评估	很好	182	29.6
	较好	130	21.2
	一般	176	28.7
	较差	57	9.3
	很差	69	11.2
有几颗蛀牙	没有	279	45.4
	1颗	71	11.6
	2颗	82	13.4
	3颗及以上	92	15.0
	不知道	90	14.7
是否补过牙	是	181	29.5
	否	433	70.5
每天刷牙次数	1次	124	20.2
	2次	453	73.8
	3次及以上	35	5.7
	不刷牙	2	0.3
刷牙时长	几十秒	163	26.5
	3 min以内	397	64.7
	3 min及以上	54	8.8
刷牙方法	横刷法	146	23.8
	竖刷法	56	9.1
	转圈刷法	78	12.7
	没有固定刷法	334	54.4
是否使用含氟牙膏	是	315	51.3
	否	299	48.7
餐后漱口习惯	三餐后都会	179	29.2
	偶尔	387	63.0
	从不	48	7.8
睡前是否有吃东西或喝甜饮料的习惯	经常	37	6.0
睡前是否有吃东西或喝甜饮料的习惯	偶尔	397	64.7
	几乎不	180	29.3
看牙医会选择	社区医院	33	5.4
	省级医院	48	7.8
	区、市、县级医院	437	71.2
	私人诊所	96	15.6
是否定期洁牙	1年1次	134	21.8
	1年1次以上	83	13.5
	没有	397	64.7
是否使用过牙线	是	134	21.8
	否	480	78.2

条目	正确	错误	不知道
六龄齿是终生不会替换的	133/21.7	247/40.2	234/38.1
乳牙早晚是要换的，坏了也无所谓	66/10.7	506/82.4	42/6.8
窝沟封闭可以预防龋齿	172/28.0	209/34.0	233/37.9
细菌会造成龋齿	503/81.9	53/8.6	58/9.4
使用含氟牙膏可以防止龋齿	295/48.0	155/25.2	164/26.7
牙周病是成人牙齿脱落的主要原因	354/57.7	94/15.3	166/27.0
使用牙线可以去除牙菌斑	164/26.7	279/45.4	171/27.9
牙龈出血是正常现象	90/14.7	468/76.2	56/9.1
牙龈发炎吃点消炎药就没事了	107/17.4	448/73.0	59/9.6

条目		人数	比例/%
口腔健康对人体健康重要性	非常重要	495	80.6
	重要	105	17.1
	一般	12	2.0
	不重要	2	0.3
口腔健康知识的主要来源	社交媒体和网站	352	57.3
	杂志书籍	228	37.1
	牙医及医院宣传栏	304	49.5
	学校的口腔宣教活动	167	27.2
	朋友家人	175	28.5
	其他	180	29.3
口腔健康知识教育有无必要被列入学校课程	十分有必要	294	47.9
口腔健康知识教育有无必要被列入学校课程	有必要	246	40.1
	一般	40	6.5
	不太必要	19	3.1
	没必要	15	2.4
是否有兴趣向学生传授口腔知识	是	532	86.6
是否有兴趣向学生传授口腔知识	否	82	13.4
学校开设口腔健康知识教育课程的频率	每个月至少1次	155	25.2
学校开设口腔健康知识教育课程的频率	半学年至少1次	273	44.5
	一学年至少1次	186	30.3
提高教师的口腔健康知识的途径	学校组织培训	416	67.8
提高教师的口腔健康知识的途径	邀请专家开展讲座	407	66.3
	分发宣传资料	322	52.4
	举办知识竞赛	208	33.9
	其他	98	16.0

[1]	Deng Li,Yang Zhengyan,Cai Ting,Li Yueheng,Lü Xiaoyan,Ding Xianbin,Zhou Zhi. Investigation of oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior of 12-15 years old children in Chongqing [J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2020, 38(1): 42-47.
[2]	Jiang Yingying, Hu Wenting, Zhang Juanjuan, Sun Yan, Gao Yuguang. Exploration of the oral health education experimental teaching for oral health education reform [J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2014, 32(2): 209-212.
[3]	LI Qing1, FAN Xu2, LI Xue2. The effectiveness of oral health education programme for middle school student to improve oral health knowledge [J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2009, 27(06): 642-644.
[4]	LUO Wei, HU De- yu, FAN Xu. Compar ison between the Effectiveness of Two Or al Health Education Progr am for Middle - school Students [J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2007, 25(03): 266-268.
[5]	LIUHong-chun,FANXu,HUDe- yu,LIXue. Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior in Adults of Deyang City, PR China [J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2005, 23(01): 46-48.