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Table of Content
20 February 2010, Volume 28 Issue 01
  • Interaction of human oral microbial community
    SHI Wen-yuan1, ZHOU Xue-dong2
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  1-4.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.001
    Abstract ( 948 )   HTML ( 18 )   PDF(pc) (143KB) ( 1676 )   Save
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    Human body is inhabited by large number of microbial organisms that form complex ecosystems. Oral cavity is one of the major sites for microbial colonization. Oral microbial diversity is huge as the compositions vary among different oral cavities, different locations within the same oral cavity, or same location at different time points. The differences in compositions and varieties determine the balance of human oral microbial ecosystem, which is directly associated with oral disease or health. This review focuses on the history and new progress of the studies on human oral microbial communities.

    The latest progress in studies of human oral microbiome
    XUE Jing, XIAO Li-ying, ZHOU Xue-dong
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  5-8.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.002
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    With the successful implementation of Human Genome Project, more and more scientists started to pay attention on the second genome of human body: Microbiome. This paper will briefly introduce the latest developments of the Human Microbiome Project, the human oral microbiome research, and new technologies of microbial gene research.

    Minimal intervention dentistry: A vision of caries management for older patients
    CHU Bing -feng, ZHANG Ying, LIU Hong-chen
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  9-12.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.003
    Abstract ( 1078 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF(pc) (147KB) ( 869 )   Save
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    Minimal intervention dentistry(MID) is a new approach to caries management in older patients, which emphasize on early discussion, early diagnosis and early treatment. It focuses on stopping the disease process and patient-friendly surgical intervention only when required. Geriatric MID can improve oral ecological balance, lower caries risk, reverse dental caries process and reduce the pain when surgical intervention required. It can help clinicians in coping with erosion, abrasion, demineralization, rampant dental caries, retained roots, recurrent caries, subgingival caries, “wet”oral environment, salivary dysfunction, high plaque levels, swollen or bleeding gum and poor compliance in older patients. This article mainly describes the application of MID in surgical intervention of dental caries, including the strategies for caries removal, cavity preparation, choice of biology material, management of erosion and abrasion,“wet”subgingival environment and vital pulp therapy.

    Effect of irradiation intensity on dual-cured resin/ceramic bond durability
    MENG Xiang-feng1,2, LIU Xiao1, LUO Xiao-ping1, GU Ning2
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  13-16.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.004
    Abstract ( 974 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF(pc) (174KB) ( 621 )   Save
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    Objective To evaluate the effect of light irradiation intensity on bond durability of dual-cured resin luting agents to silanized ceramics. Methods Linkmax HV(LMHV), Nexus 2(NX2), Variolink Ⅱ HV(VLⅡHV) as dual-cured resin luting agents were bonded to silanized GN-Ⅰ glass ceramics, and irradiated by 800, 310 and 80mW·cm-2 light intensity to form micro-shear test specimens. After 1, 90 d water storage, micro-shear bond strength of silanized resin/ceramic luting agent were measured. Data of each resin luting agent were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Results 90 d water storage decreased significantly the bond strength of all test groups, and the weak of irradiation intensity did not deteriorate this reduction of bond strength of luting resin/cermaic, oppositely in which LMHV irradiated by 310 mW·cm-2 light intensity and NX2 irradiated by 80 mW·cm-2 showed the higher bond strength than that irradiated by 800 mW·cm-2. Conclusion The weak of irradiation intensity does not affect the bond durability of dual-cured resin luting agents to silanized ceramics.

    Reconstruction of critical sized calvarial defects by porous nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 6 composite with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rat
    GAO Ying1,2, LI Ji-hua1, LI Yu-bao3, ZUO Yi3, HU Jing1, MA Yong-qing1, WANG Xue-mei1
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  17-20.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.005
    Abstract ( 1086 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF(pc) (437KB) ( 467 )   Save
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    Objective To evaluate the effects of the nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 6(n-HA/PA6) on the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs), and the feasibility of using both for constructing tissue engineered bone in the calvarias of rats with critical sized defects. Methods The third passage of BMSCs were cultured in osteoblastic medium and seeded on the scaffolds of n-HA/PA6, the proliferation of the BMSCs was tested by MTT(3-{4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl}-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium-bromide) on scheduled dates, and the osteoblastic differentiation of the BMSCs were measured by alkaline phosphatase(ALP) staining. Furthermore, the scaffolds with or without BMSCs in rat calvarial defects, after 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 16 weeks have been implanted. Histology and scanning electron microscope were used to test the bone healing in the different groups. Results The BMSCs seeded on the n-HA/PA6 grew well, the proliferation of cells was not affected by the scaffold, and the staining of ALP was also positive. At 4 week and 8 week after implantation, the n-HA/PA6 with BMSCs showed more new bone formation on the surface of scaffolds, with a better osseointegration of implant and host bone when compared with the group of n-HA/PA6 without BMSCs. However, there was no significant difference between these two groups at 16 week. Conclusion The porous n-HA/PA6 has no negative effects on the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of rat BMSCs, and using BMSCs as seed cells and n-HA/PA6 as scaffolds is a good choice for constructing tissue engineered bone due to the enhanced new bone formation and osseointegration.

    Establishment of animal model of temporomandibular joint synovitis and its histological investigation
    CHEN Cai -yun, DING Yin, LIU Ya -jing, ZHANG Ya -bo.
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  21-24.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.006
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    Objective To establish a stable animal model of temporomandibular joint(TMJ) synovitis. Methods Sixteen 6-week-old male SD rats were classified into four groups, control group, occlusal dimension increase group, masseter resection group, occlusal dimension increase group and masseter resection group. The rats in the occlusal dimension increase group were adhered composite resin to their maxillary molars in order to increase the occlusal vertical dimension when they were 9-week-old. The rats in the masseter resection group were cut off their bilateral masseter muscles when they were 6-week-old. In the occlusal dimension increase group and masseter resection group, rats′ bilateral masseter muscles were resected and occlusal vertical dimension was increased. All rats were sacrificed at their 10 weeks old. TMJ samples were prepared for histology to evaluate the animal model. Results The control group showed non -inflammatory changes. The occlusal dimension increase group and the masseter resection group showed vascular dilation and synovial lining proliferation, but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05). Compared to the two disposed groups, the occlusal dimension increase group and masseter resection group showed significant inflammatory changes(P<0.05), including synovial lining proliferation, vascular dilation and fibrin deposit. Conclusion The animal model of TMJ synovitis created in the present investigation could simulate the real pathological features of synovitis in vivo, and this animal model showed the obvious merits of high stability and reproduction.

    Inhibition effects of tumor necrosis factor -α gene transduced tumor drainage node of lymphocytes from tongue cancer on SCID mice transplanted tumor established with human tongue carcinoma cell lines
    MENG Jian1, GUO Wei2, ZHANG Zhi-yuan2, REN Guo-xin2, ZHU Han-guang2, HE Yue2, ZHOU Xiao-jian2
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  25-28.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.007
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    Objective To observe the in vivo inhibition effects of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) gene transduced tumor drainage node of lymphocytes(DNL) from tongue cancer on SCID mice transplanted tumor. Methods 15 human tongue carcinoma models were established in SCID mice by subcutaneously injection of squamous cell carcinoma line Tca8113. TNF-α gene introduced DNL, combined with low dose Pinyancin(PYC), were locally injected into tumor site. The inhibition rate was determined by the weights at the 8th week after tumor dissection and fresh specimens were prepared and subject to histopathologic examination under transmission electron microscope, and in situ TUNEL was used to detect apoptosis. Results The TNF/DNL and rIL-2 group, and the TNF/DNL and rIL-2 and PYC group both exerted a strong inhibition effect on the implanted tumor. Treated tumors of the TNF/DNL and rIL-2 and PYC group were significantly reduced in comparison with those of the TNF/DNL and rIL-2 group(P< 0.05). The apoptosis of tumor in the TNF/DNL and rIL -2 group was evidenced based on transmission electron microscope and TUNEL analysis, and the apoptosis index was higher than that of control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Local injection of DNL modified with TNF-α gene, combined with low dose PYC, exert a synergistic antitumor effect. Apoptosis may be an important mechanism of squamous cell carcinoma killed by TNF/DNL.

    An experimental study on the effect of different optical impression methods on marginal and internal fit of all-ceramic crowns
    TAN Fa-bing1, WANG Lu1, FU Gang1, WU Shu-hong2, JIN Ping2
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  29-33.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.008
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    Objective To study the effect of different optical impression methods in Cerec 3D/Inlab MC XL system on marginal and internal fit of all-ceramic crowns. Methods A right mandibular first molar in the standard model was used to prepare full crown and replicated into thirty-two plaster casts. Sixteen of them were selected randomly for bonding crown and the others were used for taking optical impression, in half of which the direct optical impression taking method were used and the others were used for the indirect method, and then eight Cerec Blocs all-ceramic crowns were manufactured respectively. The fit of all-ceramic crowns were evaluated by modified United States Public Health Service(USPHS) criteria and scanning electron microscope(SEM) imaging, and the data were statistically analyzed with SAS 9.1 software. Results The clinically acceptable rate for all marginal measurement sites was 87.5% according to USPHS criteria. There was no statistically significant difference in marginal fit between direct and indirect method group(P>0.05). With SEM imaging, all marginal measurement sites were less than 120 μm and no statistically significant difference was found between direct and indirect method group in terms of marginal or internal fit(P> 0.05). But the direct method group showed better fit than indirect method group in terms of mesial surface, lingual surface, buccal surface and occlusal surface(P <0.05). The distal surface′ s fit was worse and the obvious differ - ence was observed between mesial surface and distal surface in direct method group(P<0.01). Conclusion Under the conditions of this study, the optical impression method had no significant effect on marginal fit of Cerec Blocs crowns, but it had certain effect on internal fit. Overall all-ceramic crowns appeared to have clinically acceptable marginal fit.

    Study on the corrosion resistance of Cr alloy in the artificial saliva with different pH value
    SU Run-gang, LI Chun-hua, QIAN Ye
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  34-37.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.009
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    Objective To study the effect on the corrosion resistance of Cr alloy in the artificial saliva with different pH value in vitro. Methods Compared to Ti alloy,electrochemical technique was used to measure the electric potential of corrosion(Ecorr ) , current density of corrosion(Icorr ) Cr alloy in the artificial saliva with different pH value. The corrosion and corrosion resistance mechanism on Cr alloy in the artificial saliva with different pH value had been investigated by the EIS curves. Results The corrosion resistance of Co-Cr alloy was better than Ti alloy. The value of Icorr was lower and the value of Rp was larger than Ti alloy. The corrosion resistance of Ni-Cr alloy was worse than Ti alloy. The value of Icorr was larger and the value of Rp was lower than Ti alloy. The pH value in the artificial saliva was decreased, the Icorr value of three types of alloy increased, the Rp value of three types of alloy decreased. But the changes of Co -Cr alloy was smaller than that of Ti alloy or Ni -Cr alloy. Conclusion The corrosion resistance of Co-Cr alloy was superior to that of Ni-Cr alloy and Ti alloy. In the acid artificial saliva, the corrosion resistance of three types of alloy descended evidently.

    Bone morphogenetic protein signal transduction pathway regulates Runx2 expression in MC3T3 -E1 osteoblasts in vitro induced by centrifugation
    GUAN Jian, CHENG Zong-sheng, WANG Jian-ping, LI De-chao, DENG Hui-xin
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  38-40.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.010
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    Objective To observe the expression of Runx2 in osteoblasts in response to centrifugation in vitro and discuss the function of bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) signal transduction pathway in this course. Methods Cells were divided into four groups, group A, B, C and D, pretreated with DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum, 10% fetal bovine serum, 100 ng·mL-1 Noggin and 100 ng·mL-1 Noggin for 24 hours separately. 271×g centrifugation was loaded for 5 min to these groups except group A and C, other conditions were the same. The total RNA of each group were extracted, and reversed transcription to cDNA after 30 min. The expression of Runx2 in response to centrifugation in vitro was analyzed by quantitative real time PCR. Results The expression of Runx2 mRNA in group B was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05). The expression of Runx2 mRNA in group D was significantly lower than that in group B(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference among group A, C, D(P=0.692).Conclusion BMP signal transduction pathway plays an important role in the response of  osteoblasts to mechanical stimulations. It may also play a central role in the cascade information dissemination of osteoblasts.

    Logistic regression analysis for the risk factors of oral candidosis among patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
    TAO Ren-chuan, CHEN Bo, LI Ya-ling, MA Fei
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  41-44.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.011
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    Objective Multivariate analysis was used to select the risk factors in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(NIDDM) patients with oral candidosis, and to establish the forecasting equation, aimed to detect the risk of oral candidosis among NIDDM patients. Methods 140 NIDDM patients were included in this study. 11 clinical parameters including gender, age, course smoking, fasting blood glucose, oral hygiene status, systemic manifestation, oral mucous membrane status, and denture were recorded respectively. Oral rinse technique was used to detect the salivary candidal carriage. The isolates were identified using CHROM agar Candida test. The Logistic multivariate regression analysis was carried our for risk factors analysis. Results Candida was found in 69 out of 140 NIDDM cases, and Candida albicans was the major species isolated. The poor glycemic control, poor oral hygiene, and dry mouth were the risk factors of oral candidosis in NIDDM patients, and the forecasting equation was established. Using substitution method, the veracity of the forecasting equation was 82.1%. Conclusion Poor glycemic control, poor oral hygiene and dry mouth were risk factors of oral candidosis among NIDDM patients. The probability obtained from the forecasting equation may offer references for predicting and preventing the oral candidosis in NIDDM patients.

    Study on content of nickel in saliva released from the nickel-chromium and the nickel-chromium-titanium porcelain alloy
    WANG Wen-jie1, ZHANG Tai-qiang2, WEI Hong1
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  45-47.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.012
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    Objective The purpose of the study was to investigate the content of nickel(Ni) ion in patients′ saliva after wearing the porcelain -fused -to nickel -chromium(Ni -Cr) crown or the porcelain -fused -to nickel -chromium - titanium(Ni-Cr-Ti) crown. Methods 50 patients who had one molar or premolar needed repairing were selected and divided into two groups randomly. Patients in one group were fabricated with porcelain-fused-to Ni-Cr crown and the patients in the other group were fabricated with porcelain-fused-to Ni-Cr-Ti crown. Collect the patients′ saliva before wearing, 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months after wearing. The content of Ni ion in saliva was detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). Results The content of Ni ion in both groups increased at the first week, and go back after 6 months. There were no significant differences before wearing, 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months after wearing. There were no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion Wearing the porcelain- fused-to Ni-Cr crown or the porcelain-fused-to Ni-Cr-Ti crown has no significant influence on the content of Ni ion in saliva.

    Maxillary and mandibular rotation type in normal and Ⅱ1 malocclusion adolescents with different growth patterns
    WU Hao, ZHOU Li, ZHOU Lei, LI Ji, WANG Yan-min
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  48-51.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.013
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    Objective To investigate maxillary and mandibular rotation type and characteristics in normal and Ⅱ1 malocclusion adolescents with different growth patterns. Methods 158 cephalometric films of normal occlusion and 246 cephalometric films of Ⅱ 1 malocclusion aged between 10 and 13 years old were selected. Linear regression method was used to analyze the correlation between facial height index and inclination of palatal plane, occlusal plane and mandibular plane in normal occlusion, and to establish floating norm diagram. Then maxillary and mandibular rotational types in normal occlusion and Ⅱ 1 malocclusion with different growth patterns was clarified and their proportion was counted respectively. Results Another type was found beside from traditional ones, which was characterized by that one of the palatal plane and mandibular plane remained unchanged while the other rotated either anteriorly or posteriorly, or both planes remained unchanged. In normal occlusion with different growth patterns, the proportion of five types showed no marked difference, while in Ⅱ1 malocclusion with different growth patterns, they displayed remarkable distinction: The proportion of downward rotation type in vertical growth pattern and converging type in horizontal growth pattern increased remarkably. Conclusion A new rotation type was put forward and the difference of five rotation types in Ⅱ1 malocclusion would provide reference to clinical diagnosis and treatment.

    The contrastive study on lip profile of malocclusion of Class Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ in Harbin
    ZHAO Yuan, SHAO Ping, YAN Wei-jun
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  52-56.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.014
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    Objective To get reference for the diagnosis design and the clinical diagnosis, the difference is compared among lip profile on malocclusion of ClassⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ from patients in Harbin, and the relationship is established between the linear cephalometric measurements and the regional cephalometric measurements. Methods 120 female patients,18-25 years old, were selected. According to the value of ∠ANB which was measured on the pre-treatment cephalographs, they were divided into three groups—Class Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ. Each group had 40 patients. Each patient had the same type of skeletal pattern and occlusion pattern, and then 21 lip soft tissues were measured. Finally, the results of measurements were statistically analyzed with ANOVA and were compared between members in each group via SPSS 13.0 software. Results The differences among patients with lip profile on malocclusion had statistic significances(P<0.05). In order of Class Ⅱ, Ⅰ and Ⅲ, the UL-E, ULP, ULP-LLP, Sn-Ns-B′ and S4 were progressively decreased and the B′-LL-FH, S-Ns-B′ and S1 were increased. In order of Class Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅰ, the LL-B′-Pos and Z-angle were raised and LL-E was reduced. The length of the upper lip and the lower lip had no statistic significance(P>0.05). Conclusion There is difference among the ClassⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ. The lip covering area is inclined to decrease the changes of the upper lip and increase the changes of the lower lip progressively with the variation of skeletal patterns in order of Class Ⅱ, Ⅰ, and Ⅲ. Moreover, the condition of lip tissues can be accurately presented by the regional cephalometric measurements.

    A clinical study of one -visit endodontic treatment for infected root canals
    XIAO Dan, ZHANG De -hui
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  57-60.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.015
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    Objective To evaluate the post-operative pain level and two years healing of one-visit endodontic treatment for infected root canals. Methods 76 infected cases were included in one-visit root canal therapy group and 62 infected cases in two-visit group using calcium hydroxide as an interappointment medicament. A comparison of the clinical results was done between the two groups. The main assessments included pre- and post-operative pain evaluated by patients and dentists, and the healing response after six months, one year and two years. Results There was no statistical significance between the groups regarding pain 7 days after operation and two years′ cure rate. After six months, one year and two years, the cure rates of one-visit group were 68.4%, 92.1%, 98.7%, while those of two-visit group were 64.5%, 91.9%, 96.8%, respectively. Conclusion One-visit endodontic treatment for infected root canals has the same clinical efficacy as two-visit in regarding to post-operative pain level and shortterm healing.

    Near infrared Raman spectral character and diagnostic value of squamous cell carcinoma of oral mucosa
    LI Yi1, WEN Zhi-ning2, LI Long-jiang1,3, LI Meng-long2, ZHANG Zhuang1, GAO Ning1
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  61-64.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.016
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    Objective To evaluate the value of the near infrared Raman spectroscope in diagnosing oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC). Methods Near infrared Raman spectra of ten normal mucosa, twenty OSCC and thirty oral leukoplakia(OLK) cases were collected in the research. Based on the previous researches, the information of the subtracted spectra of compared group was gained by the characteristic band in them. A Gaussian radial basis function support vector machine was used to classify spectra and establish the diagnostic models. The efficacy and validity of the algorithm were evaluated. Results By analyzing the subtracted mean spectra, the increasing peak intensity in wavenumber range of 500-2 200 cm-1 hinted us of the high contents of DNA, protein and lipid in OSCC, which elucidate the high proliferative activity. The increasing peak intensity in the wavenumber range of 500-2 200 cm-1 hinted us of the high contents of DNA, protein and lipid in OSCC, which elucidate the high proliferative activity, but the difference between OLK and OSCC was not as much as that between normal and OSCC. The Gaussian radial basis function support vector machine showed powerful ability in grouping and modeling of normal and OSCC, and the specificity, sensitivity and accuracy were 100%, 97.44% and 98.81% correspondingly. The algorithm showed good ability in grouping and modeling of OLK and OSCC, the specificity, sensitivity and accuracy were 95.00%, 86.36%and 96.30%. Conclusion Combined with support vector machines, near infrared Raman spectroscopy could detect the biochemical variations in oral normal, OLK and OSCC, and establish diagnostic model accurately.

    Shear bond strength of anterior teeth fragment reattachment using two different adhesive materials
    HUANG Juan1, WU You -nong2, GE Bing2, HU Shen -lin2
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  65-67.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.017
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    Objective To compare the shear bond strength of the fractured anterior teeth reattached by two different adhesive materials. Methods Forty crown fractured anterior modes were divided into two groups randomly, with 20 in each group. Group A were reattached by Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil AP-X, while group B were reattached by Clearfil S3 Bond and Clearfil AP-X. Then the specimens were submitted to an axial compression test in a universal testing machine until tooth fractured. The strength was recorded. Results The mean shear bond strength of group A and group B was (324.32±65.91)N and (263.08±55.88)N, separately. The mean shear bond strength of group A was statistically higher than group B(t=3.17, P=0.000). Conclusion The shear bond strength of two -step adhesive Clearfil SE Bond is higher than one -step adhesive Clearfil S3 Bond for the reattachment of fractured anterior teeth.

    Clinical research for alimentary control of certain foods to remission of recurrent oral ulcer
    PAN Xiaohua, SUN Hong, CHEN Qiong, DING Jie-ying, GU Wen-li
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  68-70.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.018
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    Objective In order to observe the therapeutic efficacy of food control to recurrent oral ulcer(ROU), alimentary control of certain foods was employed to relieve outbreak of ROU. Methods The kits for food intolerant IgG of certain food were used to test the intolerant food of fifty patients with ROU. Observations and assessments for alimentary control were made after three months′ treatment on these patients. Results The top three of intolerant foods were crab, egg and milk and the remission rate of ROU reached 74% after treatment. Conclusion The result of food intolerant IgG testing has certain function to alimentary control therapy for remitting the outbreak of ROU.

    Comparison of two kinds of procedures used in the removal of horizontal impacted mandibular third molars
    LI Wen-chao, RUAN Ning
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  71-73.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.019
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    Objective To compare the effect of lingual split bone technique and high speed turbine bodkin boneless technique in the removal of horizontal impacted mandibular third molars. Methods 150 horizontal impacted mandibular third molars were randomly divided into two groups, 75 teeth in each group. One group received lingual split bone technique, while the other group received high speed turbine bodkin boneless technique. Both the operation time and operation complication were compared. Results The operating time with lingual split bone technique and high speed turbine bodkin boneless technique were(35.85±6.05)min and (43.52±7.70)min(P<0.05), respectively. There was significant difference of intraoperative fracture lingual film removal and facial swelling between lingual split bone technique and high speed turbine bodkin boneless technique(P<0.05). While there was no significant difference of gingival laceration, postoperative pain, restriction of mouth opening and postoperative bleed between lingual split bone technique and high speed turbine bodkin boneless technique(P>0.05). There was no lingual nerve injury or numbness of lower lip occurred in two kinds of procedures. Dry socket occurred in a case of high speed turbine bodkin boneless technique. Conclusion Lingual split bone technique is better in the removal of horizontal impacted mandibular third molars. It could shorten operation time and reduce the intraoperative and postoperative complications.

    Series orthodontic treatment on teeth transposition of maxillary canine and lateral incisor
    JIANG Shi-tong1, WANG Bao-lan2, LIU Hong-jie1, JIAO Guang-jun1, AN Zhong-jun1, JIANG Liang-kun1
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  74-75.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.020
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    Objective To explore the treatment on teeth transposition of maxillary canine and lateral incisor in order to improve the clinical treatment effect. Methods Eleven patients with transposition maxillary canine and lateral incisor were treated with the method: Expand space, artificial reverse occlusion of transpositional lateral incisor to give way, transpositional lateral canine distalization and controlling root, mesial movement of lateral incisor with tongue arch, interactive controlling roots and retention with tongue fixed retaining appliance. Results Eleven patients had satisfactory treatment effect, with tidy dentition and parallel teeth roots of transpositional canine and lateral incisor. Conclusion Series orthodontic treatment on teeth transposition of maxillary canine and lateral incisor can effectively improve the clinical treatment effect and shorten the treatment time.

    Experiment of oral mucosa epithelial cells cultured on small intestinal submucosa in vitro
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  76-80.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.021
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    Objective To explore an effective method to culture oral mucosa epithelial cells(OMECs) of canine in vitro, and to observe the biological characteristics of OMECs growing on small intestinal submucosa(SIS) in order to provide the experimental basis for epithelium tissue engineering. Methods The primary OMECs were cultivated with DKSFM(defined keratinocyte serum free medium) containing 6% fetal bovine serum(FBS). The morphological characteristics and the growth curve of OMECs were observed. The expressions of OMECs marker(CK19) were examined by immunocytochemistry. The 2nd passage of OMECs were seeded on SIS, OMECs co-cultured with SIS were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, and scanning electron microscope(SEM). Results OMECs were grown well in DKSFM. Immunohistochemical staining of the 2nd passage cultured canine OMECs with broadly reacting anti-cytokeratin anyibodies(CK19) was positive. OMECs formed a single layer on the surface of SIS, and eight days later the cells were polygong and arranged like slabstone. Conclusion Culture of canine OMECs in DKSFM containing 6% FBS is a simple and feasible method. SIS has good biocompatibility, it is a kind of good bioscafold in the tissue-engineered epithelium.

    Research on the influence of different implant site on the implant-bone-interface stress distribution in zygomatic implant denture
    CHU Shun-li1, ZHOU Yan-min1, YUE Gui-ping2
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  81-86.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.022
    Abstract ( 1217 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF(pc) (652KB) ( 531 )   Save
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    Objective To probe the implant-bone-interface stress distribution of zygomatic implant denture concerning different implant sites. Methods Three-dimensional finite element model for severe atrophy maxillary posteriortooth area was established biomechanically in this study by computer technique and zygomatic implant was simulated into the model in the first-maxillary-premolar region, the second-maxillary-premolar region, the first-maxillary-molar region and the second-maxillary-molar region respectively. Vertical loading, buccal(30°) loading and lingual(30°) loading were preformed, 100 N. Then these load cases were calculated and analyzed. Results 1)When the implant site was placed in the first-maxillary-premolar region, the buccal side of zygomatic implant exposed out of the bone and didn′t meet the clinical request. 2)As far as the tensile stress peak value in the maxillary posterior-tooth area was concerned, the highest value was recorded when the implant was placed in the second-maxillary-molar region, and then the medium value was recorded when the implant was placed in the second-maxillary-premolar region, and the smallest was recorded when the implant in the first-maxillary-molar region. As far as the compressive stress peak value in the maxillary posterior -tooth area was concerned, the highest value was recorded when the implant was placed in the second-maxillary-molar region, and then the medium was recorded when the implant was in the firstmaxillary- molar region, and the smallest value was presented when the implant was in the second-maxillary-premolar region. As far as the tensile and compressive stress peak values in the zygomatic area were concerned, the highest value was recorded when the implant was in the second-maxillary-premolar region, and then the medium value when the implant was in the first-maxillary-molar region, and the smallest when the implant was in the second-maxillarymolar region. Conclusion The first-maxillary-molar region is the best implant site of zygomatic implant denture.

    Study on the effects of overexpression of exogenous Notch1 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells on cell growth and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in vitro
    HUANG Hong-jie1, PING Fei-yun2, HU Ji-an3, ZHAO Shi-fang4
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  87-91.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.023
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    Objective To investigate the effects of overexpression of exogenous Notch1 in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma(TSCC) cells on cell growth and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) in vitro. Methods Human TSCC cell line Tca8113 cells were transiently transfected with the eukaryotic expression plasmid pRAMICIRES2- EGFP encoding exogenous intracellular fragment of Notch1 and control plasmid pIRES2-EGFP by LipofectamineTM 2000, respectively. Untransfected parental Tca8113 cells served as control. The cell proliferation was evaluated by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay. The apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein levels of Notch1 and EGFR in Tca8113 cells were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. The expression of EGFR protein in Tca8113 cells was detected by immunocytochemistry. Results MTT assay showed that the cell proliferation of Tca8113 cells transfected with pRAMIC-IRES2-EGFP was significantly inhibited as compared with controls(Р<0.05). After transfected with pRAMIC-IRES2-EGFP for 48 h, the apoptosis rate of Tca8113 cells was significantly higher than those of Tca8113 cells transfected with pIRES2-EGFP and untransfected Tca8113 cells(Р<0.05), and Notch1 expression was significantly increased at mRNA(Р<0.05) and protein(Р<0.05) levels, while EGFR expression was significantly decreased at mRNA(Р<0.05) and protein(Р<0.05) levels. Conclusion Overexpression of exogenous Notch1 may inhibit cell growth and down-regulate EGFR expression in TSCC cells.

    Expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein in Tca8113 cell and its relationship to chemoresistance
    WANG Jia-feng1, ZHANG Zhi-min1, WANG Cheng-kun1, NIE Dai-bang2, GAO Wen-xin1
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  92-94.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.024
    Abstract ( 960 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF(pc) (174KB) ( 373 )   Save
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    Objective To explore the expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein(XIAP) in Tca8113 cell, and to investigate its relationship to the chemoresistance. Methods The Tca8113 cell line was cultured by IMDM and the concentration of Pingyangmycin(PYM) added to Tca8113 cell line was increased gradually and continually, which was to induce the PYM-resistance in Tca8113 cell line. The sensitivity of Tca8113 cell to PYM and expression of XIAP were measured with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) chromatometry and reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain raction(RT-PCR). The XIAP level in the cells and its chemoresistance to PYM were analyzed by linear regression. Results The IC50 of Tca8113-1-10 group and Tca8113-10-10 group were(12.758±0.030), (18.986± 0.150)μg·mL-1 respectively. The IC50 of Tca8113-1-20 group and Tca8113-10-20 group increased to(26.302±0.072), (35.294±0.115)μg·mL-1 respectively. There was a relation between XIAP and the drug-resistance in Tca8113 cell. Conclusion XIAP may play an important role in the chemoresistance which might serve as a new therapeutic target for oral squamous cell carcinoma.

    Influence of p75 neurotrophin receptor knockout on the regeneration of facial nerves after crush injury in mouse
    ZHANG Feng-he1, HUANG Ping2, YANG Pi-shan1,ZHANG Xue1
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  95-98.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.025
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    Objective To investigate the role of p75 neurotrophin receptor(p75NTR) in the regeneration of facial nerve crush injury. Methods In p75NTR knockout mice and wild type mice, the regenerating fibres in the facial nerve were also labelled by an anterograde tracer cholera toxin B(CTB). The next day after injury of facial nerve, CTB was injected into the trunk of the nerve in the proximal side of the crush, and then anterograde tracing and immunohistochemistry were used to examine the regeneration of axons after facial nerve crush injury. In p75NTR knockout mice and wild type mice, the facial nerves on one side were crushed and regenerating neurons in the facial nerve nucleus were labelled by Fast Blue. The facial nerve trunk was cut in the bifurcated region in the 4th day after injury and the stump was inserted into a small polymer tube containing Fast Blue. Retrograde tracing and labling motoneuron counting were used to examine the survival of motoneurons in the facial nerve nucleus after facial nerve crush injury. Results The results showed that the axonal growth of injured axons in the facial nerve of p75NTR knockout mice was significantly retarded. The  umber of regenerated neurons in the facial nerve nucleus in p75NTR knockout mice was significantly reduced(P<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining of regenerating axons also showed the reduction in nerve regeneration in p75NTR knockout mice(P<0.01). Conclusion p75NTR plays an important role in the regeneration of injured peripheral nerves after injury.

    Study on the thickness-change of different thickness thermoplastic materials after thermoforming and saliva immersion
    ZHANG Ning1, BAI Yu-xing1, ZHANG Kun-ya2, REN Chao -chao1, ZHOU Jie -min1, QI Peng3
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  99-101.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.026
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    Objective To survey and compare the thickness-change of different thickness thermoplastic materials under different test condition and make sure the relationship between the thickness-change and the material initial thickness in order to provide a guide in selecting the suitable thickness thermoplastic in practice. Methods To choose Biolon, the thickness include 1.0 mm, 0.75 mm, 0.5 mm. Used Electron Vernier caliper to measure the thickness- change of different thickness thermoplastic materials under different processing mode. The data was analyzed by SPSS 10.0. Results After thermoforming the thickness of thermoplastic became thinner, the thickness of Biolon 0.75 mm decreased by 0.14 mm, Biolon 1.0 mm decreased by 0.22 mm and Biolon 0.5 mm decreased by 0.14 mm. After saliva immersion the thickness became thicker. The thickness of Biolon 0.75 mm increased by 0.02 mm, Biolon 1.0 mm increased by 0.03 mm and Biolon 0.5 mm increased by 0.02 mm. Conclusion 1)The influence of different processing mode to the thickness-change had relation to the material initial thickness. 2)The Biolon 0.75 mm had certain superiority in thickness stability compared to the homogeneous brand through the above research.

    An in vitro study of Root ZX root apex locator to diagnose horizontal root fracture
    ZHANG Ping
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  102-103.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.027
    Abstract ( 926 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF(pc) (99KB) ( 483 )   Save
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    Objective To evaluate the accuracy of Root ZX root apex locator in detecting stimulated horizontal root fractures. Methods A total of 20 single-canal maxillary anterior teeth were collected. All roots were simulated horizontal root fracture. Root ZX root apex locator measured the canal length in 3 stages: Broken ends of horizontal fractures without separation; broken ends of horizontal fractures with separation, but no impression material; broken ends of horizontal fractures with separation and impression material. The lengths measured by Root ZX root apex locator were compared with actual canal length. Results To horizontal root fracture without separation or without impression material, Root ZX root apex locator couldn′t detect the horizontal root fracture. To horizontal root fracture with separation and impression material, Root ZX root apex locator detected the horizontal root fracture within ±0.5 mm in 100%. Conclusion Root ZX root apex locator lacks of diagnostic value for horizontal root fractures without soft tissue ingrowth, but provides with preferable veracity for horizontal root fractures with soft tissue ingrowth.

    Multiple supernumerary teeth: A case report
    CHEN Jun, ZHANG Qing -fu, LIU Guo -qin, ZHAO Hai -jun, ZHANG Xin-hai
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  104-105.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.028
    Abstract ( 1270 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF(pc) (138KB) ( 828 )   Save
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    Supernumerary teeth is one of the dysplasia that the number of the teeth are more than physical number. Most cases of reports were with 1-2 supernumerary teeth and rare cases were with more than 3 supernumerary teeth. A 17-year old female patient of 7 impacted supernumerary teeth were found because of toothache of premolar caused by impacted supernumerary teeth and were treated by extraction of impacted supernumerary teeth.

    Discomfort of right eye and right maxilla region after dental implant placement:A case report
    WANG Zhi-ying1, FENG Zhi-en2, QU Zhi3
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  106-108.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.029
    Abstract ( 1753 )   HTML ( 53 )   PDF(pc) (165KB) ( 616 )   Save
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    Discomfort of right eye and right maxilla region occurred after a dental implant placement in a patient who surfered stabilized osteofibrous dysplasia(OFD) of sphenoid sinus. In this article, the case was discussed and the relevant literature was reviewed. The possible causes of eye and maxilla discomfort may be associated with OFD, hyper allergic response to implant material and surgical trauma, and psychical factors as well.

    A double labial-arch retaining appliance after correction of Class Ⅲ osteal malocclusion
    WANG Xue-xia, ZHAO Guang-hua
    West China Journal of Stomatology. 2010, 28(01):  109-110.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1182.2010.01.030
    Abstract ( 963 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF(pc) (100KB) ( 453 )   Save
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    A double labial-arch retaining appliance to retain the treatment effective of Class Ⅲ osteal malocclusion were introduced and used to retain 60 patients with Class Ⅲ osteal malocclusion. At the same time, 60 patients with Class Ⅲ osteal malocclusion were retained with conventional Hawley retainer as the control group. The results indicated that the double labial-arch retaining appliance has good effect to the retain of Class Ⅲ osteal malocclusion.