Objective  To culture and amplify the young rabbit′s bone marrow stromal cells（BMSCs） in vitro, and to observe the effect of hypothermia on the cells′ growing

behavior and biological function. Methods  BMSCs were acquired from the rabbit′ tibia bone marrow and induced to mature osteoblasts in vitro. The cultured cells growing well in vitro were preserved in liquid nitrogen. The anabiotic cells having cryopreserved for 1 week were chosen as the experimental group, and the routine 7th generation as the control group. Their biological function in comparion by the examination of morphological changes, cells′ proliferation ability, colone forming ratio, synthesis ability of ALP and protein, mineralized nodes forming ability were observed. Results  As contrast to the control groups, the anabiotic cells also grew and proliferated well in vitro except a little more slowly than before. They had the similar general shape in all the time segments, but a little differences in cells′ ultrastructure. The experimental groups also had the typical characters of mature osteoblasts, and high abilities of the synthesis of ALP and proteins. The statistic data showed that these two groups had no significant difference（P>0.05）. Conclusion  The cryopreserved osteoblasts had the same biological functions and the similar growing behaviors as before. These results suggest that it is practical to use the cryopreserved osteoblasts for further study on bone tissue engineering.