Prevalence of dental anxiety among adults in China: a Meta-analysis

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2023.01.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to systematically evaluate the prevalence of dental anxiety in Chinese adults and to provide references for decision making on oral healthcare. Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Ebsco, Embase, The Cochrane Library, WanFang Data, CNKI, and VIP database to collect cross-sectional studies on dental anxiety in Chinese adults from the establishment of the databases to 30 September 2022. After literature screening, data extraction, and evaluation of the risk of bias in the included studies by two researchers independently, R 4.0.4 software was used to perform a Meta-analysis. Results A total of 39 studies were included, including 24 309 subjects. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of dental anxiety in Chinese adults was 35.39% [95%CI (31.31%, 40.01%)]. Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence rates of male and female adults were 32.92% and 44.78%, respectively. The prevalence rates of adults aged 16-39,40-59, ≥60 were 49.37%, 47.13%, and 37.41%, respectively. The prevalence rates of mild, moderate, and severe patients were 13.81%, 15.15%, and 9.24%, respectively. The prevalence rates of adults with elementary school and below, middle school, and university and above education levels were 33.81%, 35.84%, and 36.24%, respectively. The prevalence rates were 39.45% and 45.90% in adults with and without dental-treatment history, respectively. The prevalence rates of adults surveyed in dental and non-dental clinics were 27.10% and 39.31%, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of dental anxiety in Chinese adults was relatively high, primarily moderate anxiety, and it was more likely to occur in women, young people, and groups with no history of dental treatment. Early intervention should be performed for adults with dental anxiety to improve their awareness of oral healthcare and treatment compliance and thus to promote the oral-health level of adults in China.

Key words: dentistry, anxiety, adults, prevalence, Meta-analysis, cross-sectional study

CLC Number:

R 780.1

Hong Feiruo, Chen Piaopiao, Yu Xuefen, Zeng Jiang.. Prevalence of dental anxiety among adults in China: a Meta-analysis[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2023, 41(1): 88-98.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig 1

Tab 1

Characteristics and risk of bias assessment of the include studies

纳入研究	调查地区	调查时间	调查工具	年龄/岁	样本量/n	患病率/%	质量评价结果/分
韩瑞金2022^[7]	贵州	2017年11月—2019年12月	MDAS	16~83	401	50.62	8
李梦源2021^[8]	宁夏	2019年1月—2020年8月	DAS	≥18	1 000	25.60	4
Yu 2021^[9]	广东	NR	MDAS	≥18	183	60.11	6
蔡婧2021^[3]	北京	2018年1—6月	DFS	18~69	686	65.74	5
李建成2019^[10]	江苏	2018年2月—2019年1月	DAS	60~86	100	41.00	5
仇成豪2018^[11]	上海	2017年6—10月	DAS	18~75	376	13.30	7
刘舒萍2017^[12]	湖北	2015年4月—2016年3月	DAS	≥60	1 951	54.74	5
张金茹2017^[13]	北京	2012年1月—2014年1月	SAS	18~80	397	46.35	5
顾嘉雯2017^[14]	安徽	2016年3—7月	MDAS	60~94	374	28.88	5
方威苏2016^[15]	深圳	2015年7—12月	DAS	≥18	5 000	35.80	7
李璐2016^[16]	北京	2012年1月—2013年10月	MDAS	60~78	258	41.86	5
廖阳阳2015^[17]	广东	2013年7—11月	DAS	37.7±14.8	1 203	23.44	8
杨芳2015^[18]	新疆	NR	DAS	17~72	236	18.22	4
朱丹丹2015^[19]	辽宁	2013年11月—2014年2月	MDAS	22~85	195	61.54	7
黄丽梅2015^[20]	北京	2014年1—6月	DAS	20~59	460	56.52	5
刘方宇2015^[21]	江苏	2013年11月—2014年11月	MDAS	60~86	298	36.58	5
潘兴富2015^[22]	贵州	2014年1月—2015年3月	MDAS	20~45	236	57.20	6
方飞2015^[23]	湖北	NR	DAS	≥60	1 400	29.00	6
朱晨曦2015^[24]	浙江	2014年5—8月	DAS	≥60	1 803	11.76	9
高晓燕2014^[25]	上海	2011年4月—2013年4月	DAS	18~65	300	18.67	6
王艳2014^[26]	山东	2013年3—6月	MDAS	16~65	113	74.34	6
冯锦虹2014^[27]	新疆	2010年3月—2013年4月	MDAS	60~81	478	63.81	5
唐彧2013^[28]	上海	2010年1月—2012年6月	DAS	18~60	1 266	61.37	5
张博文2013^[29]	四川	NR	DAS	20~60	382	12.30	7
刘勤2013^[30]	新疆	2012年4—8月	DAS	18~78	246	17.07	7
何天鹏2013^[31]	北京	2012年2月—2013年2月	MDAS	65~75	352	56.25	5
许琼莉2013^[32]	湖北	2011年6月—2012年6月	DAS	18~65	365	21.37	6
申玲2013^[33]	北京	2008年12月—2012年10月	MDAS	60~80	779	56.48	5
田丽萍2013^[34]	湖北	2010年7月—2011年2月	DAS	18~78	242	64.88	4
邓咏梅2012^[35]	重庆	2011年2—7月	MDAS	18~78	294	36.39	5
陈晖2011^[36]	河北	2010年4—10月	DAS	17~70	123	11.38	5
王云2011^[37]	安徽	2010年5—10月	DAS	20~50	200	26.50	4
崔翠2010^[38]	甘肃	2009年9月—2010年6月	DAS	18~76	229	26.64	5
郭斌2007^[39]	四川	2006年1—7月	DAS	≥65	100	56.00	5
钟声2007^[40]	福建	2006年9月	DAS	≥18	240	20.83	5
余少秋2006^[41]	广东	2005年1—9月	MDAS	20~40	394	57.61	5
钱明波2005^[42]	湖北	2004年3月	DAS	≥18	366	31.42	6
王成1999^[43]	辽宁	NR	MDAS	20~69	428	55.97	4
Schwarz 1995^[44]	香港	NR	DAS	35~44和65~74	881	29.51	7

Tab 1

Fig 2

Tab 2

Subgroup analysis of the prevalence of dental anxiety among Chinese adults

组别		纳入研究数	样本量	例数	异质性检验		效应模型	患病率（95%CI）/%	亚组间比较
组别		纳入研究数	样本量	例数	$I 2$ 值/%	P值	效应模型	患病率（95%CI）/%	$χ 2$ 值	P值
严重程度	轻	8	3 183	471	91	<0.001	随机	13.81（9.79，17.82）	83.547	<0.001
	中	6	2 435	541	98	<0.001	随机	15.15（4.63，25.67）
	重	4	2 066	266	99	<0.001	随机	9.24（0.00，18.72）
性别	男	26	8 778	3 629	99	<0.001	随机	32.92（23.88，42.64）	72.125	<0.001
	女	26	9 120	4 346	99	<0.001	随机	44.78（36.12，53.61）
年龄/岁	16~39	8	4 375	2 826	98	<0.001	随机	49.37（37.63，61.10）	1 103.550	<0.001
	40~59	5	2 052	1 165	97	<0.001	随机	47.13（31.20，63.06）
	≥60	20	9 293	3 312	99	<0.001	随机	37.41（27.89，46.94）
文化程度	小学及以下	6	2 315	979	100	<0.001	随机	33.81（5.93，61.68）	42.190	<0.001
	中学	5	646	238	97	<0.001	随机	35.84（16.61，55.06）
	大学及以上	15	2 427	805	95	<0.001	随机	36.24（27.95，44.52）
牙科治疗史	有	12	3 567	926	99	<0.01	随机	39.45（27.10，51.80）	228.322	<0.001
	无	12	1 289	630	99	<0.01	随机	45.90（33.32，58.47）
调查地点	非口腔门诊	6	4 392	1 029	99	<0.001	随机	27.10（17.70，39.12）	486.506	<0.001
	口腔门诊	34	19 917	8 222	98	<0.001	随机	39.31（32.83，46.18）

Tab 2

Tab 3

Fig 3

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协变量	回归系数（b）	95%CI	t值	P值
严重程度	0.980	（0.927，1.035）	-0.79	0.439
性别	1.113	（0.989，1.253）	1.82	0.045
年龄	0.939	（0.870，1.014）	-1.67	0.106
文化程度	1.012	（0.910，1.126）	0.24	0.816
牙科治疗史	1.068	（0.896，1.270）	0.77	0.448
调查地点	0.887	（0.755，1.041）	-1.52	0.137

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