Prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among 10-12-year-old students in Chongqing

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2019.06.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the caries status of the first permanent molars in urban and rural children aged 10-12 in Chongqing and analyze the related factors in order to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of children’s caries and targeted suggestions for oral health education.Methods A multi-stage, stratified, cluster, and random sampling method was used to extract 5 057 children from 18 schools in three districts and three counties in Chongqing for oral health examination and questionnaire survey from March to May 2018.Results The total caries rate of the first permanent molar was 39.2%. The decayed-missing-filled tooth was 0.84±1.20. The rate of filling teeth was 3.4%. The rate of pit and fissure sealing was 6.1%. The prevalence of the first permanent molars was significantly different between men and women, between urban and rural areas, between only children and non-only children, and between ethnic minorities and Han nationality (P<0.001). The gap between the pit and fissure sealing was significantly different between urban and rural areas (P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that many independent factors influence the occurrence of caries, including the frequency of brushing teeth every day, the frequency of eating desserts, the habit of eating dessert/drinking milk before going to bed, whether only-children or not, and parents’ education background, among others.Conclusion The first permanent molars of children aged 10-12 in Chongqing have a high rate of caries but low rates of pit and fissure sealing and dental caries filling. The difference between urban and rural areas is large, children’s oral health knowledge is scarce, and children have bad oral hygiene behaviors and eating habits. Children’s oral health education must be strengthened, oral health preaching must be implemented in schools, the oral health knowledge of children in school must be improved, and urban-rural differences must be minimized.

Key words: first permanent molar, caries, children

CLC Number:

R781.1

Qin Dan,Jiang Haofeng,Shen Lu,Zhang Cai,Chai Zhaowu,Wang Jinhua. Prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among 10-12-year-old students in Chongqing[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2019, 37(6): 608-614.

Figures/Tables 5

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References 23

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分组因素		受检人数	患龋人数	患龋率/%	DMFT	DMFS
性别	男	2 649	931	35.1***	0.72±1.13***	0.99±1.87***
	女	2 408	1 051	43.6	0.97±1.26	1.34±2.17
年龄/岁	10~	2 017	761	37.7	0.82±1.20	1.12±1.83
	11~	1 639	651	39.7	0.85±1.20	1.18±2.15
	12~13（不含13）	1 401	570	40.7	0.87±1.19	1.27±2.13
户口类型	城镇	2 508	794	31.7***	0.68±1.11***	0.87±1.64***
	农村	2 549	1 188	46.6	1.01±1.25	1.44±2.31
少数民族	是	1 413	658	46.6***	1.00±1.24***	1.45±2.37***
	否	3 644	1 324	36.3	0.78±1.17	1.04±1.86
是否独生子女	是	1 713	563	32.9***	0.71±1.13***	0.89±1.64***
	否	3 344	1 419	42.4	0.91±1.23	1.29±2.19
合计		5 057	1 982	39.2	0.84±1.20	1.16±2.03

分组因素		受检人数	充填率/%	窝沟封闭率/%
性别	男	2 649	2.3***	5.6
	女	2 408	4.7	6.5
年龄/岁	10~	2 017	3.2	8.5***
	11~	1 639	3.5	4.9
	12~13（不	1 401	3.8	3.9
	含13）
户口类型	城镇	2 508	3.7	11.5***
	农村	2 549	3.2	0.7
少数民族	是	1 413	3.3	1.6***
	否	3 644	3.5	7.8
是否独生子女	是	1 713	4.1	10.4***
	否	3 344	3.1	3.8
合计		5 057	3.4	6.1

分组		受检人数	患龋人数	患龋率/%	P值
牙位（上下）	上颌	5 057	804	15.9	<0.001
	下颌	5 057	1 788	35.4
牙位（左右）	左侧	5 057	1 605	31.7	0.847
	右侧	5 057	1 596	31.6
牙面	近中	5 057	193	3.8	<0.001
	远中	5 057	142	2.8
	颊面	5 057	535	10.6
	舌面	5 057	331	6.5
	??面	5 057	1 837	36.3

变量	赋值
因变量	未患龋=0,患龋=1
每天刷牙次数	早晚各1次=1,只有早上1次=2,只有晚上1次=3,不是每天刷=4
是否使用含氟牙膏	是=1,否=2,不清楚=3
吃甜点次数	每天多于1次=1,每天1次=2,1周2次=3,1周1次=4,1月1次=5,从不/很少=6
吃糖果/巧克力次数	每天多于1次=1,每天1次=2,1周2次=3,1周1次=4,1月1次=5,从不/很少=6
睡前吃甜点/喝牛奶	经常=1,偶尔=2,从不=3
刷牙时牙龈出血是否正常	正确=1,错误=2,不知道=3
是否听说过“窝沟封闭”	是=1,否=2
是否独生子女	是=1,否=2
父母学历	小学及以下=1,初、高中=2,大专及以上=3

变量		Β值	SE	Wald （χ²）值	P值	OR值	95%CI
变量		Β值	SE	Wald （χ²）值	P值	OR值	下限	上限
每天刷牙次数	早晚各1次	-
	只有早上1次	0.17	0.08	4.50	0.034	1.19	1.01	1.39
	只有晚上1次	0.23	0.09	6.17	0.013	1.25	1.05	1.50
	不是每天刷	0.45	0.11	17.37	<0.001***	1.56	1.27	1.92
是否使用含氟牙膏	是	-
	否	0.02	0.14	0.03	0.859	0.98	0.75	1.27
	不清楚	0.02	0.11	0.05	0.831	1.02	0.83	1.26
吃甜点次数	每天多于1次	0.27	0.12	4.80	0.028*	1.31	1.03	1.67
	每天1次	0.24	0.10	5.92	0.015*	1.28	1.05	1.55
	1周2次	0.19	0.09	4.05	0.044	1.21	1.01	1.45
	1周1次	0.03	0.11	0.11	0.766	1.04	0.84	1.27
	1月1次	0.08	0.12	0.31	0.511	0.93	0.74	1.16
	从不/很少	-
吃糖果/巧克力次数	每天多于1次	0.11	0.12	0.83	0.363	1.12	0.88	1.42
	每天1次	0.05	0.10	0.22	0.641	0.95	0.78	1.16
	1周2次	0.07	0.09	0.59	0.444	1.07	0.90	1.29
	1周1次	0.02	0.11	0.03	0.868	1.02	0.83	1.26
	1月1次	0.13	0.11	1.38	0.240	0.88	0.71	1.09
	从不/很少	-
睡前吃甜点/喝牛奶	经常	0.99	0.12	71.16	<0.001***	2.69	2.13	3.38
	偶尔	0.32	0.06	24.91	<0.001***	1.38	1.21	1.56
	从不	-
刷牙时牙龈出血是否正常	正确	-
	错误	0.08	0.07	1.44	0.230	0.92	0.81	1.05
	不知道	0.20	0.11	3.46	0.063	0.82	0.67	1.01
是否听说过“窝沟封闭”	是	-
	否	0.06	0.09	0.37	0.541	0.94	0.79	1.13
是否独生子女	是	-
	否	0.18	0.07	6.69	0.010*	1.19	1.04	1.36
父母学历	小学及以下	1.25	0.12	109.76	<0.001***	3.47	2.75	4.38
	初、高中	0.62	0.08	66.93	<0.001***	1.86	1.60	2.15
	大专及以上	-