Association between non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate and environmental factors in Ningxia

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2017.03.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the association between non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) and environmental factors in Ningxia population. Methods This case-control study involved 453 NSCL/P patients and 452 normal newborns from Ningxia. A questionnaire focusing on various factors, including family history, pregnancy reaction, drug use during pregnancy, and infections, was used and responses were analyzed through Chi-square test and Logistic regres-sion analysis with SPSS 16.0. Results The constituent ratio of different types of NSCL/P was cleft lip∶cleft lip and palate∶cleft palate equal to 1︰2.02︰1.51. Logistic regression analysis revealed that abnormal pregnancy, infection, abortion, drugs, drinking, smoking, and living near factories likely increased the risk of NSCL/P (P<0.05). Single fetus, pregnancy-related nausea, vomiting, parents’ moderate tastes, and eating soy foods and fruits decreased the risk of NSCL/P (P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of NSCL/P should be reduced to enhance the conditions of women during pregnancy by maintaining a balanced diet and avoiding infections, abortion, drugs, and negative habits.

Key words: non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate, environmental factor, Logistic regression analysis

Lili Yu, Jian Ma, Junpeng Gao, Kun Zhai, Jinfang Zhu, Yongqing Huang. Association between non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate and environmental factors in Ningxia[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2017, 35(3): 291-295.

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References 23

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影响因素	B值	χ²值	P值	OR值	95%可信区间
影响因素	B值	χ²值	P值	OR值	下限	上限
流产史	1.08	8.85	0.00	2.96	1.45	6.04
研究对象出生月份	0.15	4.48	0.03	1.16	1.01	1.34
单胎	-0.73	4.13	0.04	0.48	0.24	0.97
妊娠期发生异常	1.56	10.18	0.00	4.75	1.82	12.38
妊娠期感染	1.29	5.80	0.02	3.62	1.27	10.31
早孕反应	-1.09	4.04	0.04	0.34	0.12	0.97
孕前孕中服用药物	4.33	12.27	0.00	76.21	6.75	861.07
母亲饮茶	2.39	9.92	0.00	10.93	2.47	48.41
母亲食用腌制食物	0.54	10.26	0.00	1.71	1.23	2.38
母亲食用豆制品食物	-0.82	6.63	0.01	0.44	0.23	0.82
父亲吸烟	6.03	17.47	0.00	413.94	24.53	6 984.00
父亲吸烟年龄	-2.16	18.08	0.00	0.12	0.04	0.31
父亲饮酒	1.81	5.48	0.02	6.12	1.34	27.89
父亲饮茶	1.83	10.56	0.00	6.25	2.07	18.87
父亲食用鸡蛋	-1.11	9.20	0.00	0.33	0.16	0.67
父亲食用水果	-5.41	5.46	0.02	0.00	0.00	0.42
家庭收入	-0.34	4.64	0.03	0.71	0.52	0.97
居住地附近工厂	9.85	4.24	0.04	1.90	1.60	2.25

影响因素	B值	χ²值	P值	OR值	95%可信区间
影响因素	B值	χ²值	P值	OR值	下限	上限
妊娠期发生异常	1.56	10.18	0.00	4.75	1.82	12.38
妊娠期感染	1.29	5.80	0.02	3.62	1.27	10.31
孕前孕中服用药物	2.69	46.31	0.00	14.73	6.79	31.97
母亲食用腌制食物	0.54	10.26	0.00	1.71	1.23	2.38
母亲食用豆制品食物	-0.82	6.63	0.01	0.44	0.23	0.82
父亲吸烟	0.75	17.51	0.00	2.13	1.49	3.03
父亲饮茶	0.26	9.10	0.00	1.29	1.09	1.53
父亲食用鸡蛋	-1.11	9.20	0.00	0.33	0.16	0.67
父亲食用水果	-1.30	6.60	0.01	0.27	0.10	0.74