华西口腔医学杂志 ›› 2018, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 650-655.doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2018.06.013

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

江西省3~5岁儿童对口腔卫生服务需求与就诊利用的现状及对策

欧晓艳1,曾艺旋2,闻健琼1,周尹1,曾利伟1()   

  1. 1. 南昌大学附属口腔医院预防科·江西省口腔生物医学重点实验室;
    2. 南昌大学公共卫生学院·江西省预防医学重点实验室,南昌 330006;
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-25 修回日期:2018-07-30 出版日期:2018-12-01 发布日期:2018-12-12
  • 通讯作者: 曾利伟 E-mail:13970019696@139.com
  • 作者简介:欧晓艳,主任医师,硕士,E-mail: 438227860@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    江西省科技计划重大项目(20152ACG70023);国家卫计委科教司2015年度公益性行业科研专项项目(201502002)

Status and strategies of oral health service demand and medical treatment utilization among 3- to 5-year-old preschool children in Jiangxi province

Xiaoyan Ou1,Yixuan Zeng2,Jianqiong Wen1,Yin Zhou1,Liwei Zeng1()   

  1. 1. Dept. of Preventive Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biology Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
    2. School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
  • Received:2018-04-25 Revised:2018-07-30 Online:2018-12-01 Published:2018-12-12
  • Contact: Liwei Zeng E-mail:13970019696@139.com
  • Supported by:
    Major Project of Science and Technology Plan of Jiangxi Province(20152ACG70023);2015 Special Scientific Research Project of Public Welfare, Department of Science and Education of National Health and Family Planning Commission(201502002)

摘要:

目的 了解江西省3~5岁儿童口腔卫生服务需求与就诊利用现状,为制定相关的口腔保健政策,提高口腔卫生服务利用及就诊率,优化口腔人力及服务资源提供数据支持。方法 采用分层整群抽样法随机抽取2 880名儿童进行口腔检查,并对家长进行问卷调查。检查方法和诊断标准参照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案的规定。用Excel 2007和SPSS 19.0软件对数据进行处理,主要方法为统计描述,卡方检验与Logistic回归分析。结果 2 880例3~5岁儿童乳牙患龋率为49.13%(1 415/2 880),53.37%(1 537/2 880)的儿童有口腔卫生服务需求,低年龄儿童家长对孩子的口腔状况评价好于高年龄儿童(P<0.05),城市儿童的评价好于农村儿童(P<0.05)。全部调查对象的口腔就诊率为12.33%(355/2 880);有口腔疾病儿童就诊率为17.31%(266/1 537),未就诊原因的前3位依次为:“认为孩子的牙没问题”、“以为牙坏得不严重”、“认为乳牙会替换不需要看”。影响就诊的因素:女性较男性就诊率低(OR=0.499,95%CI:0.411~0.606),农村较城市就诊率低(OR=0.428,95%CI:0.353~0.519),口腔健康状况差、口腔知识得分高的对象其口腔就诊率高。结论 江西省3~5岁儿童患龋率低于全国水平,有口腔卫生服务需要而主动寻求就诊服务的比例较低,就诊目的以治疗为主,预防咨询较少。相关部门应加强口腔健康教育宣传并建议纳入幼师培训计划,以提高居民就诊意识和儿童口腔健康水平。

关键词: 儿童, 口腔疾病, 卫生服务需求, 就诊

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to investigate the oral health service needs and dental treatment among 3-year-old to 5-year-old preschool children in Jiangxi province and provide data to support the development of relevant oral health policies, enhance the oral health service utilization and visit rate, and optimize oral manpower and service resources.Methods A total of 2 880 preschool children were selected via stratified cluster sampling. Dental examination methods and criteria according to the fourth national oral health epidemiological survey were adopted. Excel 2007 and SPSS 19.0 softwares were used for statistics analysis. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed.Results The caries prevalence was 49.13% (1 415/2 880) among the 2 880 cases of 3-year-old to 5-year-old preschool children in Jiangxi province, approximately 53.37% (1 537/2 880) of which possessed oral health service needs. The parents of younger children assessed the oral situation better in older age than in their younger years (P<0.05), which was better in urban children than in rural children (P<0.05). The visiting rate of all the respon-dents was 12.33% (355/2 880), while the visiting rate of children with oral diseases was 17.31% (266/1 537). The top three reasons why patients did not visit the dentist were as follows: children’s teeth have no problem, the teeth damage in teeth was considerably minimal, and primary teeth would be replaced without the need for treatment. The influencing factors included lower visiting rate in females than in males (OR=0.499, 95%CI: 0.411-0.606) and lower visiting rates in rural areas than in urban areas (OR=0.428, 95%CI: 0.353-0.519). Subjects with poor oral health and high oral knowledge scores possessed high dental service visit rates.Conclusion The prevalence of caries in 3-year-old to 5-year-old preschool children in Jiangxi province is at a lower level than that in the national level. The proportion of the population actively seeking medical services is low, and their main purpose of treatment is to treat rather than prevention. Oral health education should be strengthened, and it should be incorporated to the contents of the kindergarten teacher training program to improve residents’ awareness regarding children’s oral health.

Key words: children, oral diseases, health service demand, seek medical advice

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